A MANUAL OF THEORETICAL AND FOR STUDENTS AND PHYSICIANS; FOR HEALTH, SANI- BY GEORGE M. PRICE, M.D. EPITOME OF HYGIENE AND AUTHOR OF TENEMENT HOUSE INSPECTION THIRD EDITION, REWRITTEN AND RESET TOTAL ISSUE, EIGHT THOUSAND NEW YORK JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. 1915 PREFACE THIS handbook, written and published twelve years ago, has been revised considerably and brought up to date for its third edition. Primarily intended for health, sanitary, tenement, and other inspectors, the book has enabled a great many persons to gain the rudiments of sanitary science and to fit themselves for positions in the State and municipal services. It is also used as a text-book in some schools and colleges. Municipal sanitation has made giant strides within the last two decades, and the number of persons making a study of sanitary problems, to whom, therefore, such a volume as this may be of service, is constantly increasing. The handbook was practically the first in the field in this country and has reached a wide circle of readers and friends in spite of its shortcomings, of which the author is well cognizant, and which I have endeavored to remove in this third edition. I regret that my other official and private duties have made it impossible for me to rewrite the entire book. Besides, however, the many corrections throughout the volume, the chapter on Ventilation and the section on Foods have been entirely rewritten and considerably expanded. I trust the book will continue to be in favor with those who are interested in sanitary matters. 31 UNION SQUARE, N. Y. 1913. CONTENTS Definition, Composition, Solids, Ground-water, Ground-air, Ground-moisture, Ground-temperature, Bacteria, Contamina- tion of the Soil, Influence of the Soil on Health, Diseases due to Soil, Sites, Prevention of the Bad Effects of Soil on Composition, Impurities in Air, Impurities According to their Source, Impurities Due to the Presence of Animal Definition, Quantity of Air Required, Impure Air, An Index of Impurities, Quantity of Air Needed, Forces of Ventilation, Methods of Ventilation, Ventilation through Porous Building Materials, Ventilation through Windows, Doors, Transoms, and Other Openings, Ventilation through Special Openings and Ventilation and Heating, Need of Heating, The Three Methods of Heating, Materials of Combustion, Chimneys, Smoky Chimneys, Methods of Heating, Open Fire-places and |