TUNNELING TECHNOLOGY (HUD AEC) MIUS DEMONSTRATION (MUD) COMPARATIVE DEMONSTRATION (HUD DOD) ALASKAN VILLAGE DEMO PROJECT (HUD EPA) PACKAGED LIQUID WASTE TREATMENT (HUD/EPA) SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS FOR OB SITES (HUD/EPA) PNEUMATIC TRASH COLLECTION SYSTEM DEMONSTRATION AND EVALUATION (HUD/EPA) Research and Technology are: Some of the key milestones in the program illustrated in Figure 4 (1) 1970, initiated analysis of total energy and advanced solid waste management system with AEC and EPA. (2) 1972 and 1973, agreements with NASA, AEC, NBS, EPA, DOD and HEW, and a contract with NAE were signed for participation in MIUS. (3) 1973, initiated with EPA a demonstration of 50,000 gallon per day packaged liquid waste treatment plant. Table 3 below. (4) 1973, completed analysis of typical single home energy use. The HUD projected costs for the MIUS development are indicated in a/ In addition, there could be an additional $11.2 million for a possible demonstration of an advanced technology MIUS. This could include coalburning MIUS technology now being developed with the DOI Office of Coal Research. (1) MIUS Research. We plan to complete design and start construction on the first demonstration site. We will also complete planning with DOD for a "side by side" test of MIUS and conventional utility service on a DOD installation in identical residential complexes. (2) Subsystems Research. The following related activities are planned for 1975: (a) Continue operation and a careful evaluation of the Jersey City site's total energy system. (b) The total energy plant will start to take on its planned role as a National Test Facility. Evaluation of advanced hardware, such as solar energy collection devices, is possible using the basic diesel engine system as the reference point. (c) Continue, in conjunction with EPA, evaluation of the performance of the advanced liquid waste treatment system. Upon completion of the evaluation, the results will be disseminated to insure widespread usage of improved waste handling methods. Research and Technology (d) Publicize the results of the solid waste burning/energy generating plant feasibility study. e. Changes from 1974 Budget Presentation. This program was described in the 1974 budget under "Category II. B., Public Utilities and Technology Application." Program emphasis now focuses on MIUS and additional inter-agency program coordination. (Obligations in thousands of dollars: $300; Estimate 1975 $500) 3. Physical Planning and Design. Actual 1973 = $0; Estimate 1974 = The physical planning and design research program aims to improve the form, organization and performance of the built environment. The research program will focus on physical planning and design issues in support of HUD research and operating programs to demonstrate that quality environments achieved through good design are feasible within the existing economic constraints. The program develops and tests criteria and tools for use by the design profession and by Federal, State, and local governments for improving the quality of the built environment. Achieved to Date. a. (1) Site Evaluation Guide. The development of a site evaluation guide was completed in 1974 for use by the design profession and government officials to insure quality site plans for development. (2) Emergency Housing Sites. In the past, the selection of emergency housing sites has been made on an ad hoc basis. Working with the FDAA and HUD's Emergency Preparedness Staff, the first year of a two year research project to provide systematic criteria and guides for use by local, State and Federal disaster assistance officials will be started in 1974. Systematic criteria or standards for acceptance or rejection of a site have not been available. Sites have been selected which have been inappropriate for emergency housing and have had insufficient community facilities. (This design project is integrated with the disaster emergency housing development project described on page S-17). (3) Mobile Homes. The first year of a two year research project started in 1974 was to provide developers, builders, and local communities with quality mobile home site environmental design criteria. Improved standards are needed to overcome historic rejection of mobile homes by communities because of poor design, and absence of effective local controls. These standards have become even more necessary as mobile homes become an increasingly more important segment of new home production and sales. (4) Maintenance Costs. Reduction of housing site maintenance costs can be obtained by proper design and selection of materials. A study was begun in 1974 to develop and apply life-cycle costing techniques in the design process for both new construction and modernization programs. A program to demonstrate and disseminate the results to land planners, architects, and housing and planning officials will follow. b. 1975 Program. Work to be done in 1975 includes: testing and demonstration of the effectiveness of the new emergency housing selection criteria; implementation of the new mobile site planning guidelines; and demonstration of the benefits of the life-cycle costing approach to project planning. c. Changes from 1974 Budget Presentation. This program was described under the "Category IV. C., Improving Neighborhood Community Design." Projects described in the 1974 budget regarding design of environment for the elderly and handicapped, are now described under "I. A. 3., Special User Requirements." Research and Technology To provide support to immediate operating program design needs, several projects proposed in the 1974 budget have been postponed or eliminated. Among these are: filming of a model urban design plan; development of standards for residential project design; study of design impact on resident physical and social well-being; analysis of the design quality of applications for HUD assisted projects; contribution of the physical environment to neighborhood stability; and studies of non-HUD programs which affect community form and design. C. Community Development and Growth. (Obligations in thousands of dollars: The rapid growth of urban population and uneven expansion of urban development in the United States, together with a decline in farm population, slower growth in rural areas, and migration to the cities, has created an imbalance between the Nation's needs and resources, and seriously threatens our physical environment. Government activities affecting the location and character of urban growth frequently conflict and result in undesirable and costly patterns of urban development. To develop policies responsive to these concerns, the various levels of government need institutions capable of assembling diverse types of information and analyzing the complex interrelationships involved. They need up-to-date information on current trends and the forces affecting those trends; they need techniques for estimating the impact of existing or proposed programs on trends: and they need fresh concepts and ideas for use in the development of policy. Two research programs have been established in the area of community development and growth on: 1. National and Community Growth Research; and 2. New Communities Research. The National and Community Growth Research program is coordinated with the Assistant Secretary for Community Planning and Development, and is concerned with growth and development trends, impacts and policies. It also undertakes specific research in support of the National Growth Report. The New Communities Research program is conducted in cooperation and support of the Administrator of the New Communities, and is concerned with the unique problems of this particular mechanism for development. 1. National and Community Growth Research. (Obligations in thousands of dollars: Actual 1973 $1,406; Estimate 1974 = $1,320; Estimate 1975 = $2,345) This HUD research program is concerned with how to respond to specific national and community growth issues. Other Federal and non-federal agencies conduct research on various aspects of growth effects, but no other research program in or out of the Federal Government addresses these issues in as comprehensive and policy-oriented a manner. In the HUD program, a constant effort is made to interpret research findings in terms of usefulness to officials in the entire Federal Government, in State and local governments, and in the private sector. Anticipated results of this HUD research program include: information on trends in urban and regional development that will be provided to all levels of government on a more timely basis and interpreted in terms of national growth concerns; through studies of the growth impact of past and current programs, policy makers will be in a better position to judge the desirability of existing and proposed actions; and through analysis, policy options will be presented in a manner useful for policy planning and decision making. Research and Technology a. Achieved to Date. (1) Trend Data. Development of previously unavailable estimates of net migration, 1960-1970, by city, by age, race, and sex for use by planners and analysts was completed in 1973. The continuing economic importance of migration in the United States has been determined. A unique set of data, drawn from various Federal sources has been assembled, added to, and refined with HUD support, since 1971, at Atomic Energy Commission's Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). ORNL capability is providing services to HUD, other Federal agencies, and to State and interstate agencies in the Southern region to strengthen their regional planning capability. (2) Impact Analyses. HUD has supported the following: (a) An analysis of the impact of the Interstate Highway System on regional growth and development, for use by State and local government officials was completed in 1972. (b) An analysis of the impact of a large, new housing development (Coop City in New York) on deteriorating older areas, to determine the implications for planners of "New-Towns-In-Town", was completed in 1973. (c) An analysis of public preferences on residential locations for use by local planners and policy makers was completed in 1974. (3) Growth and Development Policy Analysis. Development of mathematical models for use by State and local governments and the private sector will aid in analysis of the effects of growth-guiding policies and procedures. Support, which was started in 1973, will continue through 1975. b. 1975 Program. Work to be done in 1975 includes: (1) Trend Data. Improved factual reports and analyses of economic aand demographic trends in urban and regional development will be supplied to State, local and Federal government policy makers and staffs. Further work will be done on expanding and refining data services, including those needed to assist older localities in determining their economic prospects. The development of improved demographic and economic projections and development of a mathematical model of interregional migration, capable of predicting current and future migration flows among economic areas, for use by planners at all levels of government, will be started. (2) Impact Analyses. Analysis of the impact of public activities on the growth and change of regions and on urban development patterns will be directed at analysis of public investments in local infrastructure. (3) in 1975 includes: Growth and Development Policy Analysis. This supportive work (a) Surveys and analyses of public opinion bearing on metropolitan development issues will be conducted and the results supplied to public policy makers. (b) Simulation of the effects of alternate tax, public works, and education policies, using mathematical models, will continue. The results will be made available to government policy analysts. (c) The costs of alternative metropolitan development patterns will be estimated, and State development policies will be monitored and analyzed |