CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATIONS.

The Young Men's Christian Association was organized in England in 1821 by Sir George Williams; the movement has spread to America,
Germany, Denmark, Norway, Switzerland, and even China and Japan. In 1912 there were 2,192 associations in North America, with a mem-
bership of 566,101; total net property, $73,160,293; number of employed officers, 3,633; students in educational classes, 67,417; 613 gymna-
siums; 175,433 enrolled in gymnasiums; 167 athletic fields; 232 railroad associations with 83,466 members; 724 student associations with 62,938
members; boy membership, 112,871. There were also in 1912, 208 city associations for women, 660 student and 7 county associations with a total
Dembership of 253,406 young women.

1900-1910.

COLOR, NATIVITY AND PARENTAGE OF POPULATION, FOR
PRINCIPAL CITIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

There are in all 229 cities which had in 1910 more than 25,000 inhabitants, with an aggregate population of 28,543,816. Of the combined population of these cities, native whites of native parentage number 10,149,145, or 35.6 per cent.; native whites of foreign or mixed parentage, 9,218,999, or 32.3 per cent.; foreign-born whites, 7,478,990, or 26.2 per cent.; negroes, 1,625,601, or 5.7 per cent.; all other, 71.081, or 0.2 per cent. For continental United States, as a whole, the equivalent numbers and percentages are: Native whites of native parentage, 49,488,575, or 53.8 per cent; native whites of foreign or mixed parentage 18,897,837, or 20.5 per cent.; foreign-born whites, 13,345,545, or 14.5 per cent.; negroes, 9,827,763, or 10.7 per cent.

The combined population (28,543,816) of the 229 cities taken together constitutes 31 Der cent. of the entire population (91,972,266) of continental United States in 1910. In the case, however, of native whites of native parentage, the number in these cities constitutes only 20.5 per cent. of the total number in the United States, while for native whites of foreign or mixed parentage the percentage is 48.8 and for foreign-born whites, 56. For negroes the percentage in the principal cities is 16.5.

The foreign-born white element is mainly concentrated in the Northern and Eastern states, and in many of the cities in these states the proportion of foreign-born whites in the total population is very large. Passaic, N. J., has 28,467 foreign-born whites, representing 52 per cent. of its total population (54,773). This is the largest proportion of foreign-born whites in any of the principal cities, and Lawrence, Mass., with 41,319 foreign-born whites in a total population of 85,892, has the next largest proportion, 48.1 per cent. There are 11 other cities in each of which the foreignborn whites constitute more than 40 per cent. of the total population, namely, Perth Amboy, N. J., 44.5; New Bedford, Mass., 44.1; Woonsocket, R. I., 43.4; Fall River, Mass., 42.6; Chelsea, Mass., 42.4; Manchester, N. H., 42.4; New Britain, Conn., 41; Lowell, Mass., 40.9; Shenandoah, Pa., 40.6; New York, N. Y., 40.4; Holyoke, Mass., 40.3.

Negroes constitute one-fourth or more of the total population in each of 27 principal cities, and in 4 of them the proportion is more than half, namely, Charleston, S. C., 31,056 negroes, or 52.8 per cent.; Savannah, Ga., 33,246, or 51.1 per cent.; Jacksonville, Fla., 29,293 or 50.8 per cent.; Montgomery, Ala, 19,322, or 50.7 per cent.

AREA OF STATES AND TERRITORIES.

(Based upon careful joint calculations made in the General Land Office, the Geological Survey, and the Bureau of the Census.]

Owing to their location adjoining the Great Lakes, the States enumerated below contain approximately an additional number of square miles as follows: Illinois, 1,674 square miles of Lake Michigan; Indiana, 230 square miles of Lake Michigan; Michigan, 16,653 square miles of Lake Superior, 12,922 square miles of Lake Michigan, 9,925 square miles of Lake Huron, and 460 square miles of lakes St. Clair and Erie; Minnesota. 2,514 square miles of Lake Superior, New York, 3,140 square miles of lakes Ontario and Erie; Ohio, 3,443 square miles of Lake Erie; Pennsylvania, 891 square miles of Lake Erie; Wisconsin, 2,378 square miles of Lake Superior and 7,500 square miles of Lake Michigan.

In addition to the water areas noted above, California claims jurisdiction over all Pacific waters lying within 3 English miles of her coast; Oregon claims jurisdiction over a similar strip of the Pacific Ocean 1 marine league in width between latitude 42° north and the mouth of the Columbia River; and Texas claims jurisdiction over a strip of Gulf water 3 leagues in width, adjacent to her coast and between the Rio Grande and the Sabine River.