Settlement, entry, or occupancy of refuge lands, except in accordance with the regulations, is prohibited.

Aleutian Islands (established by Executive Order of March 3, 1913).—A chain of islands with vegetation characteristic of the treeless Arctic plains, extending westward 1,200 miles from the Alaska Peninsula, including Unimak Island on the east and Attu Island on the west; maintained for the protection of native birds and game animals, the encouragement of fisheries, and the propagation of reindeer and fur animals. Islands usually rocky and some of them covered with a vigorous growth of grass and lichens. Protects remnant sea otter herds. By Executive Order of November 23, 1928, the islands of Akun, Akutan, Sanak. Tigalda, Umnak, and Unalaska, including Sedanka or Biorka, and by Executive Order of December 19, 1929, portion of Amaknak Island, were eliminated from this reservation and transferred to the jurisdiction of the General Land Office. By Executive Order of April 7, 1930, Amak Island, the Sealion Rocks, and a small unnamed island lying southeast of Amak were added to the reservation. The Aleutian Island Refuge is closed to hunting and trapping with the following exceptions:

1. Umnak, Unalaska, Akun, Akutan, Sanak, and Tigalda Islands are not part of the refuge and accordingly are open to hunting and trapping under applicable sections of the Alaska Game Law regulations pertaining to Fur District 3.

2. Adak Island is open to waterfowl and ptarmigan hunting in accordance with seasons and limits imposed by the Alaska Game Law and the migratory waterfowl regulations.

3. Native Aleut residents in the Aleutians may hunt and trap without permit. 4. Unimak Island is open under the Alaska Game Law to trapping for land fur animals.

Additional information or copies of Special Regulations for the Aleutians may be obtained by writing the Refuge Manager, Cold Bay, Alaska.

Bering Sea (established by Executive order of February 27, 1909).—Includes St. Matthew and Hall Islands and Pinnacle Islet in Bering Sea, about 220 miles north of the Pribilofs. St. Matthew, a jagged straggling reach of bluffs and headlands, connected by bars and lowland spits, has an extreme length of 22 miles, and varies in width from 2 to 3 miles. Hall Island, 3 miles to the west, is separated from St. Matthew by Sarichef Strait. Pinnacle Islet is a narrow rock about 1 mile long and 200 yards wide and rises to an altitude of 900 feet so abruptly that there is scarcely a place for a boat to land. Arctic foxes, represented mainly by the normal phase, which turns white in winter, are found in numbers, some coming from the mainland in winter on the pack ice. The rare and beautiful McKay's snowflake is known to breed nowhere except on this refuge, and the Pribilof sandpiper breeds here more extensively than anywhere else. Closed to hunting.

Bogoslof (established by Executive order of March 2, 1909).-Volcanic islets in Bering Sea, commonly known as the Bogoslof Islands, about 40 miles north of Umnak and Unalaska, of the Aleutian Islands Reservation. Noted for the large colonies of sea lions, and the rocky portion as being the home of millions of murres. Closed to hunting and trapping.

Chamisso Island (established by Executive order of December 7, 1912).—A reservation about a mile and a quarter long and a half a mile wide, consisting of Chamisso Island and Puffin and other nearby rocky islets in Kotzebue Sound, 2 miles south of the extremity of Choris Peninsula. One of the most important breeding rookeries of Arctic birds along the northwest coast of Alaska, including horned puffins, Pallas's murres, Pacific kittiwakes, and Point Barrow gulls. Closed to hunting and trapping.

Forrester Island (established by Executive order of January 11, 1912).—In the Pacific Ocean west of Ketchikan, at the extreme southeastern boundary of Alaska, including Forrester and Lowrie Islands and Wolf and other adjacent rocks. The breeding place of various kinds of sea birds. Closed to hunting and trapping.

Hazen Bay (established by Executive order of December 14, 1937).-Situated in Hazen Bay, north of Nelson Island near the north entrance to Baird Inlet, off the west coast of Alaska, and comprising the islands of Nunivakchak and Krigegag. Established for migratory birds and other wildlife. Black brant and whitefronted, emperor, and little Canadian, or cackling, geese nest on these islands, as

well as swans, glaucous gulls, greater scaup ducks, old squaws, and large numbers of eider ducks. Closed to hunting and trapping.

Hazy Islands (established by Executive order of January 11, 1912).—A group of islands in southeastern Alaska, west of Coronation Island and 100 miles north of Forrester. Breeding place for numerous sea birds. Closed to hunting and trapping.

Kenai National Moose Range (established by Executive order of December 16, 1941).—An area of 2,000,000 acres on Kenai Peninsula, set aside to protect the natural breeding and feeding range of the giant Kenai moose.

The Kenai Moose Range is open to hunting and trapping in accordance with applicable Alaska Game Law regulations. A managed big-game range, the harvest of game and fur animals is maintained on a crop basis as disclosed by annual surveys. Temporary tent camps for recreational purposes are permitted for periods of 60 days or less. Other uses require a permit, application for which must be made to Refuge Manager, Kenai, Alaska.

Kodiak National Wildlife Refuge (established by Executive order of August 19, 1941).-An area of 1,957,000 acres, set aside to protect the natural feeding and breeding ranges of brown bears and other wildlife on Kodiak and Uganik Islands. Kodiak is open to hunting and trapping in accordance with applicable Alaska Game Law regulations. A managed wildlife range, the harvest of game and fur animals is maintained on a crop basis as disclosed by annual surveys. Temporary tent camps for recreational purposes are permitted for periods of 90 days or less. Other uses require a permit, application for which must be made to Refuge Manager, Kodiak, Alaska.

Nunivak Island (established by Executive order of April 15, 1929).-Located in Bering Sea, off the west coast of Alaska. Set apart for use in conducting experiments in the crossing and propagation of reindeer and native caribou and also as a preserve and breeding ground for native birds and wild game and fur-bearing animals. A herd of musk oxen, which now numbers about 90 animals, the nucleus of which was reintroduced into Alaska from Greenland in 1930, is now maintained on this refuge. By Executive order of October 22, 1930, Triangle Island and all small unnamed islands and rocks lying adjacent to Nunivak Island were added to this reservation.

Nunivak Island is open to hunting and trapping under the Alaska Game Law for permanent residents of 5 years duration. Residents of less than 5 years or non-residents may hunt and trap under permit. Applications for information or permits should be addressed to the Refuge Manager, Fish and Wildlife Service, Kenai, Alaska.

The Pribilof Islands (established as a reservation by the act of March 3, 1869). Located in Bering Sea at latitude 57° N. and longitude 170° W., the Pribilof Islands include St. Paul, St. George, Otter, and Walrus Islands, and Sea Lion Rock. All are of volcanic origin and all are relatively small. The entire land area comprises only about 175 square miles. Villages are located on the two largest islands, St. Paul and St. George, with populations of 362 and 201 natives, respectively. In addition there is a small staff of supervisory white employees at each village. No one is permitted to land on any of the Pribilof Islands, except through stress of weather or like unavoidable cause, or by the authority of the Secretary of the Interior. The primary purpose of the reservation is to facilitate management of the Alaska fur-seal herd, but protection is afforded blue foxes and great bird colonies also.

St. Lazaria (established by Executive order of February 27, 1909).-At the entrance to Sitka Sound, about 30 miles west of Sitka. The breeding place of certain sea birds. Closed to hunting and trapping.

Semidi Islands Wildlife Refuge (established by Executive order of June 17, 1932). The refuge, which is in the north Pacific Ocean, southeast of the Alaska Peninsula, includes the islands of Aghiyuk, Chowiet, Kateekuk, Anowik, Kiliktagik, Suklik, Aghik, Aliksemit, and South Island, known as the Semidi Island Group. Colonies of puffins, auklets, and petrels inhabit the refuge. Closed to hunting and trapping.

Tuxedni (established by Executive order of February 27, 1909).-Embracing Chisik, Egg, and other small islands in Tuxedni Harbor, Cook Inlet, set aside as a breeding ground for native birds. Within the Southwestern Fisheries Reservation established November 3, 1922. Closed to hunting and trapping.

NATIONAL PARKS AND NATIONAL MONUMENTS

IN ALASKA

Mount McKinley National Park (created by act of Congress, February 26, 1917; enlarged January 30, 1922, and March 19, 1932).-Snow-covered Mount McKinley, highest peak in North America, rises to 20,300 feet above sea level, with 17,000 feet above timberline. East and west from its crest lofty, glacier-clad peaks of the Alaska Range extend for many miles, unclimbed and unsurveyed. One hundred and twelve kinds of birds and 35 kinds of mammals inhabit the park. These include grizzly bears, wolverines, red foxes, wolves, beavers, moose, caribou, and mountain sheep. The surfbird and wandering tattler have been found nesting only in Mount McKinley National Park.

Glacier Bay National Monument (established by Presidential Proclamation of February 26, 1925; enlarged April 18, 1939).—An extensive region of branching tidal inlets terminating at the foot of great glaciers that descend from mountains clothed in perpetual snow. The southeastern extremity of the monument is covered by a luxuriant post-glacial forest. The remainder is largely ice and barren rock that rises to spectacular heights, reaching a climax at Mount Fairweather, 15,300 feet above sea level. Alaska brown bears, grizzlies, black bears, and the rare glacier bears are present, as well as martens, mink, red foxes, wolverines, mountain goats, Sitka deer, whales, porpoises, and hair seals. Large numbers of waterfowl of many species inhabit the area, including loons, cormorants, geese, king eiders and other ducks, various gulls and shorebirds, murrelets, guillemots, and puffins.

Katmai National Monument (established by Presidential Proclamation of September 24, 1918; extended by Presidential Proclamations of April 24, 1931, and August 4, 1942).-The eruption of Mount Katmai on June 6, 1912, created a tremendous volcanic landscape in the area on the Alaska Peninsula between the Savonoski River and Shelikof Strait. Notable was the famous Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes. Although much of the once-violent "steaming" has ceased, a number of fumaroles and several volcanoes are still alive, and the devastated area continues to present an awesome picture. In the northern and western portion of the Monument the snow-covered Aleutian Range with its many glaciers contrasts strikingly with the tundra-lake area, which is the habitat of abundant and diversified wildlife. The Peninsula brown bears, the largest carnivorous mammals on earth, occur here, and moose are numerous. Bands of Grant's caribou occasionally wander through the Monument, and red foxes, wolves, wolverines, otters, martens, mink, and beavers are present. Waterfowl are abundant on the lakes and rivers and in the bays of Shelikof Strait. Ptarmigans and other bird life are found on the tundra or in the forests of stunted spruce. Naknek, Grosvenor, Coville, and other lakes teem with rainbow trout and salmon. The highly colored trout commonly attain lengths greater than two feet. Brooks Lake and its feeder streams within the Monument are the spawning ground of a large percentage of Bristol Bay red salmon, which are of great economic value.

Hunting and trapping is prohibited in the above areas but sport fishing is permitted under applicable National Park Service regulations.

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EXTRACTS FROM TERRITORIAL ACT

WANTON DESTRUCTION OF WILD FOOD ANIMALS

[Sec. 39-8-1 ACLA 1949]

Any person killing a deer or other wild food animal within the Territory of Alaska, with intent to wantonly destroy said animal and without making every effort to have such animal utilized for food, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof, shall be punished by a fine not exceeding five hundred ($500) dollars or imprisonment not exceeding six months.

DOGS ANNOYING GAME

[Sec. 33-3-93 ACLA 1949]

Whenever any dog habitually annoys any wild deer, reindeer, sheep, cattle, or horses, or other animals or birds, either domestic or wild, or evinces a disposition which renders it likely that it will without provocation bite such animals or fowls, it shall be lawful for any person to kill such dog, when at large. The owner or keeper of such dog, if known, or upon reasonabe inquiry may be known, shall be notified and given reasonable opportunity to restrain such dog before it shall be lawful to kill it. Persons authorized to enforce the Alaska Game Law and Territorial Highway Patrolmen shall be empowered to enforce this section.

MILITARY RESERVATIONS

Military regulations apply to access to and presence on Military Reservations. Clearance must be obtained from commanding officer prior to hunting, trapping or fishing on such reservations.

U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1954

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