LEGEND

International boundaries

Same in ocean

Annulled boundaries

Anzac Area graves

Demilitarised

zones

FIGURE 16

Compiled by

Col. Lawrence Martin

CONVENTION RELATING TO THE

RÉGIME OF THE STRAITS.

THE BRITISH EMPIRE, FRANCE, ITALY, JAPAN, BULGARIA, GREECE, ROUMANIA, RUSSIA, the SERBCROAT-SLOVENE STATE and TURKEY, being desirous of ensuring in the Straits freedom of transit and navigation between the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea for all nations, in accordance with the principle laid down in Article 23 of the Treaty of Peace signed this day,

And considering that the maintenance of that freedom is necessary to the general peace and the commerce of the world, Have decided to conclude a Convention to this effect, and have appointed as their respective Plenipotentiaries:

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND AND OF THE BRITISH DOMINIONS BEYOND THE SEAS, EMPEROR OF INDIA:

The Right Honourable Sir Horace George Montagu
Rumbold, Baronet, G.C.M.G., High Commissioner at
Constantinople;

THE PRESIDENT OF THE FRENCH REPUBLIC: General Maurice Pellé, Ambassador of France, High Commissioner of the Republic in the East, Grand Officer of the National Order of the Legion of Honour;

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF ITALY:

The Honourable Marquis Camillo Garroni, Senator of the
Kingdom, Ambassador of Italy, High Commissioner at
Constantinople, Grand Cross of the Orders of Saints
Maurice and Lazarus, and of the Crown of Italy;
M. Giulio Cesare Montagna, Envoy Extraordinary and
Minister Plenipotentiary at Athens, Commander of the
Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus, Grand Officer of
the Crown of Italy;

HIS MAJESTY THE EMPEROR OF JAPAN:

Mr. Kentaro Otchiai, Jusammi, First Class of the Order
of the Rising Sun, Ambassador Extraordinary and
Plenipotentiary at Rome;

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF THE BULGARIANS:
M. Bogdan Morphoff, formerly Minister of Railways,
Posts and Telegraphs;

M. Dimitri Stancioff, Doctor of Law, Envoy Extraor-
dinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at London, Grand
Cross of the Order of Saint Alexander;

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF THE HELLENES:
M. Eleftherios K. Venisélos, formerly President of the
Council of Ministers, Grand Cross of the Order of the
Saviour;

M. Demetrios Caclamanos, Minister Plenipotentiary at
London, Commander of the Order of the Saviour;

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF ROUMANIA:

M. Constantine I. Diamandy, Minister Plenipotentiary;
M. Constantine Contzesco, Minister Plenipotentiary;

RUSSIA:

M. Nicolas Ivanovitch Iordanski;

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF THE SERBS, THE
CROATS AND THE SLOVENES:

Dr. Miloutine Yovanovitch, Envoy Extraordinary and
Minister Plenipotentiary at Berne;

THE GOVERNMENT OF THE GRAND NATIONAL
ASSEMBLY OF TURKEY:

Ismet Pasha, Minister for Foreign Affairs, Deputy for
Adrianople;

Dr. Riza Nour Bey, Minister for Health and for Public
Assistance, Deputy for Sinope;

Hassan Bey, formerly Minister, Deputy for Trebizond; Who, having produced their full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed as follows:

ARTICLE I.

The High Contracting Parties agree to recognise and declare the principle of freedom of transit and of navigation by sea and by air in the Strait of the Dardanelles, the Sea of Marmora and the Bosphorus, hereinafter comprised under the general term of the "Straits."

ARTICLE 2.

The transit and navigation of commercial vessels and aircraft, and of war vessels and aircraft in the Straits in time of peace and in time of war shall henceforth be regulated by the provisions of the attached Annex.

ANNEX.

Rules for the Passage of Commercial Vessels and Aircraft, and of War Vessels and Aircraft through the Straits.

I.

Merchant Vessels, including Hospital Ships, Yachts and Fishing Vessels and non-Military Aircraft.

(a) In Time of Peace.

Complete freedom of navigation and passage by day and by night under any flag and with any kind of cargo, without any formalities, or tax, or charge whatever (subject, however, to international sanitary provisions) unless for services directly rendered, such as pilotage, light, towage or other similar charges, and without prejudice to the rights exercised in this respect by the services and undertakings now operating under concessions granted by the Turkish Government.

To facilitate the collection of these dues, merchant vessels passing the Straits will communicate to stations appointed by the Turkish Government their name, nationality, tonnage and destination.

Pilotage remains optional.

(b) In Time of War, Turkey being Neutral.

Complete freedom of navigation and passage by day and by night under the same conditions as above. The duties and rights