Power and Policy in Liberal DemocraciesMartin Harrop Cambridge University Press, 1992. gada 20. febr. - 303 lappuses Why has Japan found it easier to pursue a consistent industrial policy than the United States? Why does Britain provide health care collectively whereas France relies on private provision? Why is the American government unable to ensure the safety of its citizens whereas personal safety is not even an issue in Japan? Such questions are central to the study of comparative public politics and this book seeks to answer them by integrating policy analysis with mainstream comparative politics. The authors examine power and policy in four liberal democracies: France, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States. They provide an introduction to the politics of the four leading democracies by setting out the actors, arenas and agendas of policy in each country. They go on to explore four contrasting areas of policy: industrial, health, ethnic minorities, and law and order, and discuss the countries from various perspectives. |
No grāmatas satura
1.–5. rezultāts no 92.
ix. lappuse
... economic performance , by country , 1954-87 6.3 Growth of GDP , by country , selected periods , 1950-85 6.4 Percentage of world exports of manufactures originating in each country in 1913 , 1937 , 1973 and 1984 142 142 143 7.1 ...
... economic performance , by country , 1954-87 6.3 Growth of GDP , by country , selected periods , 1950-85 6.4 Percentage of world exports of manufactures originating in each country in 1913 , 1937 , 1973 and 1984 142 142 143 7.1 ...
4. lappuse
... Economic competition from Japan forces the United States to consider how it can improve its own productivity . The mass media , themselves a world - wide business , quickly transmit and interpret new developments taking place anywhere ...
... Economic competition from Japan forces the United States to consider how it can improve its own productivity . The mass media , themselves a world - wide business , quickly transmit and interpret new developments taking place anywhere ...
6. lappuse
... economic determinism ' approach , led by Wilensky , and the ' politics matters ' school , led by Castles . " Wilensky argues that economic develop- ment is the root cause of the development of the welfare state . To predict what ...
... economic determinism ' approach , led by Wilensky , and the ' politics matters ' school , led by Castles . " Wilensky argues that economic develop- ment is the root cause of the development of the welfare state . To predict what ...
7. lappuse
... economic factors , politics is of little importance . It mattered little whether a regime was communist or liberal democratic . It matters even less whether a liberal democracy is governed by the left or the right . As Wilensky puts it ...
... economic factors , politics is of little importance . It mattered little whether a regime was communist or liberal democratic . It matters even less whether a liberal democracy is governed by the left or the right . As Wilensky puts it ...
10. lappuse
... Economic Gross Domestic Product ( GDP ) ( billion $ ) GDP per head ( $ ) GDP growth 1980-8 ( % per year ) 1.9 4.1 2.8 3.0 Investment ( % of GDP ) Public expenditure ( % of GDP ) Top rate of personal income tax Government final ...
... Economic Gross Domestic Product ( GDP ) ( billion $ ) GDP per head ( $ ) GDP growth 1980-8 ( % per year ) 1.9 4.1 2.8 3.0 Investment ( % of GDP ) Public expenditure ( % of GDP ) Top rate of personal income tax Government final ...
Saturs
France | 23 |
The constitution | 27 |
Actors | 29 |
Bureaucracy | 30 |
Parties | 31 |
Pressure groups | 34 |
Arenas | 36 |
Instruments | 39 |
Cost containment | 161 |
From cost control to cost effectiveness | 164 |
Policy community | 166 |
Policy outcomes | 169 |
Further reading | 172 |
Ethnic minorities | 174 |
State involvement | 175 |
Policy agenda | 177 |
Interpretation | 41 |
Further reading | 47 |
Japan | 49 |
The constitution | 50 |
Actors | 51 |
Bureaucracy | 53 |
Pressure groups | 55 |
Arenas | 59 |
Instruments | 62 |
Interpretation | 65 |
Further reading | 69 |
The United Kingdom | 71 |
The constitution | 74 |
Actors | 75 |
Bureaucracy | 78 |
Parties | 81 |
Pressure groups | 83 |
Arenas | 85 |
Instruments | 87 |
Interpretation | 90 |
Further reading | 94 |
The United States | 95 |
The constitutional framework | 98 |
Actors and arenas | 101 |
Congress | 104 |
Bureaucracy | 106 |
Courts | 108 |
Parties and interest groups | 110 |
Instruments | 112 |
Interpretation | 115 |
Further reading | 119 |
Sectors | 121 |
Industrial policy | 123 |
France | 125 |
Japan | 127 |
The United Kingdom | 128 |
The United States | 129 |
Policy agenda | 130 |
Policy community and policymaking institutions | 131 |
Organisation of the state | 132 |
Organisation of business and labour | 136 |
Relationships among policy actors | 139 |
Policy outcomes | 142 |
Conclusion | 146 |
Further reading | 148 |
Health policy | 150 |
France | 151 |
Japan | 153 |
The United Kingdom | 155 |
The United States | 157 |
Policy agenda | 158 |
Access | 159 |
Antidiscrimination legislation | 181 |
Affirmative action | 184 |
Policy community | 187 |
Policy outcomes | 189 |
Further reading | 193 |
Law and order | 195 |
State involvement | 196 |
Structure of policing France | 198 |
Japan | 199 |
The United Kingdom | 200 |
The United States | 202 |
Policy community | 203 |
Policy agenda | 205 |
Policy outcomes | 210 |
Further reading | 216 |
Perspectives | 219 |
Implementation | 221 |
Expectations and intentions of policymakers | 224 |
Environment of implementation | 228 |
Agencies of implementation | 230 |
Instruments of implementation | 233 |
Conclusion | 236 |
Further reading | 240 |
Evaluation | 241 |
Evaluating the success of a policy | 242 |
Whose goal? | 244 |
Sideeffects | 247 |
The comparative nature of policy judgements | 248 |
Implementation | 249 |
Goals and wants | 251 |
Alternatives to wants | 252 |
Maximising and distributing | 254 |
State involvement | 257 |
Means | 258 |
Processes | 259 |
Further reading | 262 |
Comparison | 263 |
Comparing countries | 264 |
Constitutions | 265 |
Actors | 266 |
Arenas | 270 |
Instruments | 272 |
Comparing sectors | 273 |
Policy communities | 274 |
Policy agendas | 276 |
Conclusion | 277 |
Political outlines | 281 |
Japan | 285 |
The United Kingdom | 288 |
The United States | 291 |
295 | |
Citi izdevumi - Skatīt visu
Bieži izmantoti vārdi un frāzes
actors administration affirmative action agencies American areas arena Britain British budget Burakumin bureaucracy Cabinet cent civil servants committees competition Congress Conservative constitution crime decisions decline democratic economic effective election electoral European evaluation example executive federal Fifth Republic Finance four countries France and Japan French goals hospitals immigration implementation important increasing industrial policy influence institutions interest groups intervention involved issues Japanese Keidanren labour law and order legislation less liberal democracies London major ment ministries minorities Mitterrand National Health Service Newcastle upon Tyne OECD organisations pantouflage Parliament party physicians police forces policy community policy process policy-making process political politicians population post-war President pressure groups Prime Minister problem programmes public policy relationship responsible role sectors social Socialist society structure success teleocratic tion trade unions tradition unions United Kingdom University Press vote
Populāri fragmenti
3. lappuse - Institutional factors play two fundamental roles in this model. On the one hand, the organization of policy-making affects the degree of power that any one set of actors has over the policy outcomes.
18. lappuse - Louis Hartz, The Liberal Tradition in America (New York: Harcourt, Brace and World, 1955); and Daniel Boorstin, The Genius of American Politics (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1953).
7. lappuse - ... economic growth makes countries with contrasting cultural and political traditions more alike in their strategy for constructing the floor below which no one sinks.
18. lappuse - Wilensky, The Welfare State and Equality (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1975), pp. 1-2, 5-6, and 15-32, and Pryor. 7. Wilensky, The Welfare State and Equality; Phillips Cutright, "Political Structure, Economic Development, and National Social Security Programs...
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