Mr. RINGLAND. That will depend on the extent to which the Administrator of the ECA wishes to be guided by the recommendations we are now preparing for him. It is not anticipated that all of these 70 agencies will be eligible for the provisions under the ECA Act, but some of them operate in the added countries-France, the Netherlands, Denmark, the United Kingdom, and perhaps Norway

Mr. STEFAN. You can perhaps add all of the 16 participating countries?

Mr. RINGLAND. The number is limited to those receiving assistance in the form of grants as I understand it.

Mr. STEFAN. Yes.

Mr. RINGLAND. We think there may be about 11 countries that could come under; perhaps 12.

Mr. STEFAN. You indicated that about $6,000,000 of claims are in now?

Mr. RINGLAND. Yes. We have available thus far 4.5 million dollars; not all of these claims will be considered valid, but it is anticipated that they will absorb the present funds; that is under Public Law 84.

Mr. STEFAN. What percentage of the 70 will participate in that? Mr. RINGLAND. In the present law?

Mr. STEFAN. Yes.

Mr. RINGLAND. There are only 30 that are qualified under the present interim aid assistance.

Mr. STEFAN. About how many of these agencies will participate in the $10,000,000 of this fund?

Mr. RINGLAND. I would say perhaps 40.
Mr. STEFAN. Forty?

Mr. RINGLAND. Yes, sir.

Mr. STEFAN. What about the other 30?

Mr. RINGLAND. The other 30 we expect will use the facilities of the principal agencies or will operate in countries outside of ECA. We are trying to limit the number of operators in a particular country to simplify the procedure, and to encourage the smaller agencies to use the facilities of the larger ones.

Mr. STEFAN. Is it intended now-of course some of these are shipping to other than participating countries, to Poland, Czechoslovakia, and other places.

Mr. RINGLAND. Yes; Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, India, Burma.

Mr. STEFAN. And some to Finland?

Mr. RINGLAND. We have some to Finland, yes.

BREAK-DOWN OF RELIEF SENT ABROAD RECORDED WITH COMMITTEE DURING 1947

Mr. STEFAN. Will you put the complete list in the record when you get your remarks?

Mr. RINGLAND. Yes.

(The information follows:)

Country

Num-
ber of
agen-

and commodities

Mr. STEFAN. As I have understood this, there will be about 30 of these voluntary agencies that will ship packages and supplies to foreign countries that will not be able to participate in this $10,000,000 free transportation?

Mr. RINGLAND. That is only because they will not be operating in the ECA countries.

ORGANIZATIONS PARTICIPATING TO THE GREATEST EXTENT

Mr. STEFAN. Which organizations and agencies participate to the largest extent?

Mr. RINGLAND. There are about 10 agencies in that category.
Mr. STEFAN. Name the ones in that list.

Mr. RINGLAND. The largest shipper of the group during the calendar year 1947 is the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee.

Mr. STEFAN. The first is the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee.

Mr. RINGLAND. Yes. The next is the War Relief Services, National Catholic Welfare Conference.

The Third is the Church World Service, Inc., which is a federation of the Protestant organizations.

Then comes CARE.

Mr. STEFAN. CARE is about fifth or sixth?

Mr. RINGLAND. In volume it comes second to the Jewish Distribution Committee.

Mr. STEFAN. I want it according to volume.

Mr. RINGLAND. Well, in volume-

Mr. STEFAN. Can you give us the order in which they occur by volume?

Mr. RINGLAND. Yes; I can give that to you now.

Mr. STEFAN. You say the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee is first.

Mr. RINGLAND. Yes; the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee was first with $35,142,558.

Mr. STEFAN. And second is CARE.

Mr. RINGLAND. The second was CARE, $21,029,395.

War Relief Services, National Catholic Welfare Conference, $12,325,416.

The Church World Service, is almost the same as that of the preceding group, $12,083,451.

The first four agencies' contribution was $80,580,622; which amounts to 59.8 percent of all voluntary relief reported through the Advisory Committee for 1947.

The next six large contributors were in this group: There was the Hadassah, the Jewish agency shipping to Palestine; that was $5,702,884.

The sixth was the American Relief to Italy, $5,044,535; the seventh was the Greek War Relief Association, $3,943,596; the eighth, American Aid to France, $3,291,555; the ninth, United Service to China, $2,102,279; the tenth, American Relief for Poland, $1,665,527.

Taking the first 10 organizations collectively they sent over around $100,000,000 out of the $135,000,000; in other words, those 10 agencies out of the 70 carried on about 75 percent of the voluntary relief volume in 1947.

Mr. STEFAN. Those 10 agencies handled about 75 percent of all voluntary free distribution of food, and so on?

Mr. RINGLAND. Yes.

VALUE BY SHIPMENTS BY RELIEF AGENCIES IN 1947 AND ESTIMATES

1948-49

Mr. STEFAN. Your justifications indicate that in the calendar year 1947 the principal agencies registered with the Advisory Committee on Voluntary Foreign Aid-and I assume those are the agencies you have referred to-shipped approximately $65,000,000 worth of goods to the countries involved.

Now how does that tally with the $85,000,000?

Mr. RINGLAND. The $65,000,000 is confined to shipments made to the interim countries, plus occupied countries.

Mr. STEFAN. The 30 agencies we are talking about?

Mr. RINGLAND. Yes.

Mr. STEFAN. Then you say after consultation with the representatives of these agencies it is estimated that their shipments during the period April 1, 1948, to April 1, 1949, as a result of the impetus given by the economic cooperation program and the payment of ocean freight through Government funds, will reach approximately $100,000,000.

Mr. RINGLAND. That is the value of the shipments, our estimate of the value of the shipments.

Mr. STEFAN. That is coordinated then with the $135,000,000; is .that correct?

Mr. RINGLAND. The $135,000,000 includes the total value of all relief which went to all countries through the committee.

Mr. STEFAN. That explains it then. Then in your justifications you state it is estimated that the ocean freight for individually mailed packages will amount to approximately $32,000,000 during the fiscal year April 1, 1948, to April 1, 1949, and during the fiscal year 1947 a total of approximately 237,500,000 pounds of parcel-post packages were dispatched to civilians of the countries involved.

You mean by that the individuals who sent parcel-post packages with free freight?

Mr. RINGLAND. No; there is a distinction between the voluntary relief supplies and the individual relief packages.

Mr. STEFAN. Yes.

DISCUSSION OF ISSUANCE OF RELIEF LICENSES

Mr. RINGLAND. The first are supplies shipped by the agencies "registered with the Advisory Committee and qualified as shippers by the disclosure records I have spoken of. And on the basis of that information the agencies obtain a general relief license from the Department of Commerce upon the recommendation of the Advisory Committee. They ship in bulk for general relief abroad to charitable institutions so their operations are distinct from the individual relief packages which are addressed to individuals.

Mr. STEFAN. What about the number that would participate in the license. As I understood you, if they are parcels, or even if they are packaged, they will have to be marked and described as to content