3. Beginning at seven and one-half degrees of longitude east of Greenwich, there are hereby established eleven time zones numbered 2 through 12, consecutively, each of which shall be known as the United States Standard Time Zone [here insert appropriate zone number], East. Each such time zone shall be fifteen degrees of longitude in width, shall not include any area included within the boundaries of any other time zone established under this Act, and the centerline of each such zone shall be a degree of longitude east of Greenwich divisible by fifteen. The standard time for each such zone shall be the mean solar time of that degree of longitude east of Greenwich designated by this paragraph as the centerline of such time zone and shall be referred to as the "United States Standard Time for Zone [here insert appropriate zone number], East".

4. The standard time for the thirteenth zone shall be the mean solar time of the one hundred and eightieth degree of longitude (measured from the zero degree of longitude at Greenwich, England), and the boundaries of such time zone are hereby fixed at one hundred seventy-two and one-half degrees of longitude west of Greenwich and at one hundred seventy-two and one-half degrees of longitude east of Greenwich. Such time zone shall be known as the United States Standard Time Zone 13 and the standard time for such zone shall be referred to as the "United States Standard Time for Zone 13".

SEC. 2. The United States Standard Time for each time zone established by this Act shall be maintained throughout the year and—

(1) shall govern the movement of any common carrier engaged in commerce subject to regulation by any officer or agency of the United States; (2) shall govern the operations of all departments and agencies of the United States, whether in the legislative, executive, or judicial branch of the Government; and

(3) shall be understood to be the time referred to in any Act of Congress or in any order, rule, or regulation issued by any officer or employee of the United States, relating to the time of performance of any act by any officer or employee of the United States, whether in the legislative, executive, or judicial branch of the Government, or relating to the time within which any right shall accrue or terminate.

SEC. 3. Nothing in this Act shall be construed to restrict the right of any person or body politic to establish and use any other time standard for purposes other than those referred to in section 2 of this Act.

SEC. 4. The following Acts are repealed:

1. The Act entitled "An Act to save daylight and to provide standard time for the United States", approved March 19, 1918, as amended (15 U.S.C., secs. 261264, inclusive).

2. The Act entitled "An Act to transfer the Panhandle and Plains section of Texas and Oklahoma to the United States standard central time zone", approved March 4, 1921 (15 U.S.C. 265).

SEC. 5. The foregoing provisions of this Act shall become effective on the ninetieth day following the date of enactment of this Act.

[H.R. 4702, 88th Cong., 1st sess.]

A BILL To establish a uniform system of time standards and time measurement for the
United States and to require the observance of such time standards for all purposes
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States
of America in Congress assembled, That this Act may be cited as the "Standard
Time Act of 1963".

SEC. 2. As used in this Act

(1) The term "agency" means the Federal agency, commission, or department designated by Congress to administer the provisions of this Act.

(2) The term "person" means any individual, firm, copartnership, corporation, company, association, or joint stock association; and includes any trustee, receiver, assignee, or personal representative thereof.

SEC. 3. For the purpose of establishing a uniform system of time and to fix the standard of time measurement for the United States, including the States of Alaska and Hawaii, the territory of the United States shall be divided into eight time zones in the manner provided in this Act.

SEC. 4. The general zone system of standard time, under which the local standard time is determined in relation to the mean astronomical time of one of the twenty-four hour meridians occurring every fifteenth degree of longitude

west or east from Greenwich, England, is hereby recognized and adopted so far as applicable to the territory of the United States.

SEC. 5. The standard time based on the mean astronomical time of the sixtieth degree of longitude west from Greenwich shall be known and designated as United States Atlantic standard time; that of the seventy-fifth degree as United States eastern standard time; that of the ninetieth degree as United States central standard time; that of the one hundred and fifth degree as United States mountain standard time; that of the one hundred and twentieth degree as United States Pacific standard time; that of the one hundred and thirty-fifth degree as United States Yukon standard time; that of the one hundred and fiftieth degree as United States Alaska-Hawaii standard time; and that of the one hundred and sixty-fifth degree as United States Bering standard time.

SEC. 6. The limits of each zone shall be defined by an order of the agency and may be modified from time to time. Determinations made by the Interstate Commerce Commission before the effective date of this Act and in effect on such effective date shall continue in effect unless and until modified or changed by an appropriate order of the agency. Daylight saving or other advanced time may continue to be observed, as it has been observed in the past, until the agency has authorized advanced time zones or for one year after the effective date of this Act, whichever comes first.

SEC. 7. In determining the limits of the several zones the agency shall, among other things, consider the appropriateness of the standard of time for the particular areas concerned. The agency shall not, except as provided in section 8, include in any zone a point or area for which the standard time of the zone would be more than thirty minutes slower or more than one hour faster than local mean astronomical time. So far as practicable, the boundaries of the zones shall be reasonably straight north-south lines, shall be located in sparsely populated areas, and shall follow natural or well-known boundaries. No particular section or group shall be entitled to special consideration, but the line shall be drawn where, in the judgment of the agency, it best promotes the safety, convenience, and welfare of the country as a whole.

SEC. 8. Within each zone, the agency is authorized to define the limits of an advanced time subzone; and in each year, from 2 o'clock antemeridian on the last Sunday in April until 2 o'clock antemeridian on the last Sunday in October, each advanced time subzone, as thus defined shall be transferred to and made a part of the zone immediately to the east, and the legal time of such subzone shall be the standard time of the zone into which it is temporarily so transferred. In determining the limits of any such subzone, the agency shall not in any instance include a point or area for which the standard time of the zone to the east, to which the subzone is temporarily transferred, would be more than one hour and thirty minutes faster than local mean astronomical time and shall, as far as practicable and compatible with such advanced standard of time, observe the other provisions of this Act.

SEC. 9. In defining or modifying the boundries between the respective zones or subzones, the agency shall have authority to conduct such hearings and investigations as, in its judgment, are necessary or advisable for the effective administration of this Act; and, in conducting such hearings and investigations, the agency shall have authority to require by compulsory process or otherwise the attendance and testimony of witnesses and the production of all books, papers, records, and documents relating to any matter under investigation.

SEC. 10. The agency shall have authority, subject to the provisions of the civil service laws and the Classification Act of 1949, as amended, to appoint such examiners, assistants, and other employees as are necessary in the exercise of its functions under this Act.

SEC. 11. Any person, organization, or body politic may file with the agency a petition seeking the establishment or modification of a boundary of a zone or subzone. After investigation of the merits of the petition, including a public hearing if deemed by the agency to be desirable in the public interest, the agency may deny the petition or may grant such relief as it find justified.

SEC. 12. Except as otherwise provided in this Act, or as specifically authorized by the agency, within the respective zones established under the authority of this Act the standard time of the zone shall be the exclusive time for the transaction of all public business by any agency or department of the United States, or of any State or local government, or by any officer, agent, employee, or representative of any such agency or department, and shall be observed by all persons subject to the jurisdiction of the United States in all civil and business relations

with the public. Nothing in this Act shall be construed to prevent the use for scientific purposes of standards of time differing from that of the zone, subject to reasonable regulations prescribed by the agency respecting the use of such information so as to protect the public from confusion and inconvenience. The agency may provide other exceptions upon a finding that the safety and convenience of the public will be served thereby. In such instances, the agency shall impose such reasonable conditions as it may deem desirable in the public interest.

SEC. 13. In all statutes, ordinances, orders, rules, and regulations relating to (1) the time of performance of any act by any agency or department of the United States or of any State or local government, or by any officer, agent, employee, or representative of any such agency or department; or (2) the time when any right shall mature or terminate; or (3) the time within which any act shall or shall not be performed, the time specified shall be the standard time of the zone within which the act is to be performed or not performed, or within which the right is to mature or terminate.

SEC. 14. The agency is hereby authorized and required to administer and enforce the provisions of this Act; and, upon the request of the agency, it shall be the duty of the United States attorney for the judicial district concerned to institute in the proper court and to prosecute under the direction of the Attorney General of the United States all necessary proceedings for the enforcement of the provisions of this Act and for the punishment of all violations thereof. SEC. 15. Any person knowlingly and willfully violating any provision of this Act, or of any rule, regulation, requirement, or order thereunder, shall be fined not more than $500 for each such violation. Each day of such violation shall constitute a separate offense.

SEC. 16. If any person shall fail or refuse to comply with any provision of this Act, or of any rule, regulation, requirement, or order thereunder, the agency or its duly authorized agent may apply to the district court of the United States for any district in which such failure or refusal occurs, or in which such person is found, for the enforcement of such provision of this Act, or of such rule, regulation, requirement, or order; and such court shall have jurisdiction to enforce obedience thereto by writ of injunction or by other process, mandatory or otherwise, restraining said person, or his or its officers, agents, employees, and representatives from further failure or refusal to comply with such provision of this Act, or of such rule, regulation, requirement, or order, and enjoining upon him or its obedience thereto.

SEC. 17. Any person who shall fail or refuse to comply with any provision of this Act, or of any rule, regulation, requirement, or order thereunder, shall forfeit to the United States the sum of $200 for each such failure or refusal, and, in the case of a continuing failure or refusal, not to exceed $100 for each additional day during which such failure or refusal shall continue. All forfeitures provided for in this section shall be payable into the Treasury of the United States and shall be recoverable in a civil suit by the agency, or its duly authorized agent, brought in the Federal judicial district where such failure or refusal occurs or where such person is found. All process in any such case may be served in the Federal judicial district whereof such person is an inhabitant or wherever he may be found.

SEC. 18. Nothing in this Act shall be construed to prevent any State or political subdivision thereof from adopting by statute or local ordinance the standard or standards of time provided under this Act for the zone or zones (as defined by the orders of the agency) in which such State or subdivision is located, or from enforcing by any lawful means the observance of such standard or standards within such State or subdivision thereof.

SEC. 19. The agency may provide for the publication of reports, orders, maps, and other information pertaining to standard time zones in the form best adapted for public information and use, and such authorized publications shall, without further proof or authentication, be received as competent evidence of matters contained therein in any court of competent jurisdiction. SEC. 20. The following Acts are repealed:

1. The Act entitled "An Act to save daylight and to provide standard time for the United States", approved March 19, 1918, as amended (15 U.S.C. 261-264, inclusive).

2. The Act entitled "An Act to transfer the Panhandle and Plains section of Texas and Oklahoma to the United States standard central time zone", approved March 4, 1921 (15 U.S.C. 265).

SEC. 21. This Act shall take effect at 2 o'clock antemeridian on the first Sunday following the sixtieth day after the date of its enactment.

[H.R. 6284, 88th Cong., 1st sess.]

A BILL To establish daylight saving time uniformly throughout the United States time zones each year, to make such time the only legal time during the period it is in effect, and to provide additional time zones for the States of Alaska and Hawaii

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That (a) the Act entitled "An Act to save daylight and to provide standard time for the United States", approved March 19, 1918, as amended (40 Stat. 450; 15 U.S.C. 261–264), is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new sections:

"SEC. 6. (a) During the period commencing at 2 o'clock antemeridian on the last Sunday of May of each year and ending at 2 o'clock antemeridian on the first Sunday following Labor Day of each year, the standard time of each zone shall be advanced one hour.

"(b) The standard time of each zone in effect under subsection (a) shall be known and designated as 'daylight saving time' of such zone, and, during the period prescribed by such subsection, shall be the standard time of such zone for all purposes.

"(c) Within the respective zones established under the first section of this Act, the standard time of each zone in effect under subsection (a) of this section shall, during the period prescribed by such subsection, govern

"(1) the movement of all common carriers in intrastate commerce, "(2) the time of performance of any act by any officer or department of any State or political subdivision thereof under the laws, ordinances, orders, rules, and regulations of such State or political subdivision, and

"(3) the time within which any rights shall accrue or determine, or within which any act shall or shall not be performed by any person, under any such law, ordinance, order, rule, or regulation.

"(d) No State or political subdivision thereof shall prescribe any time to be observed within such State or such political subdivision, as the case may be, during the period prescribed by subsection (a) which is in conflict with the provisions of this section. Nor shall any State or political subdivision thereof prescribe daylight saving time or any other advanced time to be observed within such State or such political subdivision, as the case may be, during any period other than the periol prescribed by subsection (a).

"SEC. 7. (a) If any person fails or refuses to comply with any provision of section 6 of this Act or with any rule, regulation, requirement, or order thereunder, the Interstate Commerce Commission or its duly authorized agent may apply to the district court of the United States for the district in which such failure or refusal occurs, or in which such person is found, for the enforcement of such provision or of such rule, regulation, requirement, or order. Such court shall have jurisdiction to enforce compliance therewith by injunction or by other process, mandatory or otherwise, restraining such person, or the officers, agents, employees, and representatives of such person, from further failure or refusal to comply with such provision or with such rule, regulation, requirement, or order, and requiring compliance therewith.

"(b) Any person who fails or refuses to comply with any provision of section 6 of this Act or with any rule, regulation, requirement, or order thereunder shall forfeit to the United States the sum of $200 for each such failure or refusal, and, in the case of a continuing failure or refusal, not to exceed $100 for each additional day during which such failure or refusal continues. All forfeitures provided for in this subsection shall be payable into the Treasury of the United States and shall be recoverable in a civil action by the Interstate Commerce Commission, or its duly authorized agent, brought in the district where such failure or refusal occurs or where such person is found. All process in any such action may be served in the district in which such person resides or in which such person is found.

"(c) Any person who knowingly and willfully violates any provision of section 6 of this Act or any rule, regulation, requirement, or order thereunder shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof shall be fined not more than $500 for each violation. Each day of such violation shall constitute a separate offense.

"(d) The Interstate Commerce Commission shall execute and enforce the provisions of section 6 and this section of this Act. Upon the request of the Commission, it shall be the duty of any United States attorney to whom the Commission may apply to institute in the proper court, and to prosecute under the direction of the Attorney General of the United States, all necessary proceedings for

the enforcement of the provisions of section 6 of this Act and of the rules, regulations, requirements, or orders thereunder, and for the punishment of all violations thereof. The cost and expenses of any such prosecution shall be paid out of appropriations for the expenses of the courts of the United States."

(b) The Act entitled "An Act to permit the Board of Commissioners of the District of Columbia to establish daylight-saving time in the District", approved April 28, 1953, as amended (D.C. Code, sec. 28-2804), is repealed.

SEC. 2. (a) The first and second sentences of the first section of the Act entitled "An Act to save daylight and to provide standard time for the United States", approved March 19, 1918 (15 U.S.C. 261), are amended to read as follows: "That, for the purpose of establishing the standard time of the United States, including the States of Alaska and Hawaii, the territory of the United States shall be divided into seven zones in the manner provided in this Act. The standard time of the first zone shall be based on the mean astronomical time of the seventy-fifth degree of longitude west from Greenwich; that of the second zone on the ninetieth degree; that of the third zone on the one hundred and fifth degree; that of the fourth zone on the one hundred and twentieth degree; that of the fifth zone on the one hundred and thirty-fifth degree; that of the sixth zone on the one hundred and fiftieth degree; and that of the seventh zone on the one hundred and sixty-fifth degree."

(b) Section 4 of such Act of March 19, 1918 (15 U.S.C. 263), is amended by striking out "and that of the fifth zone shall be known and designated as United States standard Alaska time" and inserting in lieu thereof the following: "that of the fifth zone shall be known and designated as United States standard Yukon time; that of the sixth zone shall be known and designated as United States standard Alaska-Hawaii time; and that of the seventh zone shall be known and designated as United States standard Bering time".

SEC. 3. The first section of this Act shall take effect at 2 o'clock antemeridian on January 1, 1964. Section 2 of this Act shall take effect at 2 o'clock antemeridian on the Sunday following the sixtieth day after the date of the enactment of this Act.

[H.R. 7891, 88th Cong., 1st sess.]

A BILL To establish a uniform system of time standards and measurement for the United States and to require the observance of such time standards for all purposes

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That this Act may be cited as "The Standard Time Act of 1963".

SEC. 2. As used in this Act

(a) The term "agency" means the agency, commission, or department designated by Congress to administer the provisions of this Act.

(b) The term "person" means any individual, firm, copartnership, corporation, company, association, or joint-stock association; and includes any trustee, receiver, assignee, or personal representative thereof.

SEC. 3. This Act shall take effect at 2 o'clock antemeridian on the Sunday following the sixtieth day after the date of its enactment.

SE3. 4. For the purpose of establishing a uniform system of time and to fix the standard of time measurement for the United States, including the States of Alaska and Hawaii, the territory of the United States shall be divided into eight zones in the manner provided in this Act.

SEC. 5. The general zone system of standard time, under which the local standard time is determined in relation to the mean astronomical time of one of the twenty-four-hour meridians occurring every fifteenth degree of longitude west or east from Greenwich, England, is hereby recognized and adopted so far as applicable to the territory of the United States.

SEC. 6. The standard time based on the mean astronomical time of the sixtieth degree of longitude west from Greenwich shall be known and designated as United States Atlantic standard time; that of the seventy-fifth degree as United States eastern standard time; that of the ninetieth degree as United States central standard time; that of the one hundred and fifth degree as United States mountain standard time; that of the one hundred and twentieth degree as United States Pacific standard time; that of the one hundred and thirty-fifth degree as United States Yukon standard time; that of the one hundred and fiftieth degree as United States Alaska-Hawaii standard time; and that of the one hundred and sixty-fifth degree as United States Bering standard time.