Charles Cyrus Marshall, President, 2239 Tiebout avenue, New York.

THE AMERICAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION 1140 Woodward Building, Washington, D. C., to encourage historical research, offers two prizes of $200 each-the Justin Winsor prize in American history (offered in even years), and the Herbert Baxter Adams prize in the history of the Eastern Hemisphere (offered in odd years). The monographs must be based on independent and original investigation, the phrase "American history" including the history of the United States and other countries of the Western Hemisphere. Only works in the English language will be considered, and in making the award the committee will consider not only research, accuracy and originality, but also clearness of expression, logical arrangement, and general excellence of style. Monographs must be submitted by April 1, and addressed to the Secretary of the Association.

THE AMERICAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION -1140 Woodward Building, Washington, D. C., in accordance with the terms of a bequest by the late George Louis Beer, offers annually a prize of $250 for the best work upon "any phase of European International History since 1895." The competition is limited to citizens of the United States, and only works in the English language will be considered. A work may be submitted in either manuscript or in print, but in the case of printed works the date of publication must fall within a period of two and a quarter years prior to April 1, the closing date of the competition. Further information may be obtained from the Secretary of the Association, to whom all manuscripts should be sent.

THE BOOKMAN-452 Fifth avenue, New York, will award $100 each month to the reporter who writes for a newspaper what one juror in the Bookman's jury of awards considers the best story that has

been submitted to him or that has come to his attention. At the end of twelve months, the jury will vote upon the best of the twelve selected and printed in the Bookman, and will award an additional $100 to the winning reporter. Two clippings of each story should be sent, with the date of its appearance, the name of the newspaper in which it appeared, and the name of the reporter who wrote it. Every story selected by the jury of awards will be reprinted in the Bookman, with a statement about its merits by the juror who selected it. The first prize story will appear in the February issue of the Bookman.

THE WITTER BYNNER UNDERGRADUATE POETRY PRIZE OF $150, offered under the auspices of Palms, has been awarded this year in three parts: $100 to Sterling North, of the University of Chicago; $25 to Mariana Staver, of Barnard College; and $25 to Lucia E. Jordan, of Smith College. For 1928, Mr. Bynner again offers the same prize under the auspices of Palms, of which he is an associate editor. Only undergraduates in American universities or colleges may compete, and not more than two hundred lines will be considered from any one poet, whether the offering be a single poem or a group of poems. Manuscripts should be typewritten in triplicate, should bear on every sheet the writer's name, address, and college, and must be mailed by May 15, 1928, to Witter Bynner, 342 Buena Vista Road, Santa Fe, New Mexico. No manuscripts will be returned.

THE JOHN DAY COMPANY and the Woman's Home Companion have awarded their prize of $25,000 for the best-written, most interesting novel written by a woman to Katharine Holland Brown, for her novel, "The Father." There were 1931 manuscripts submitted. The second prize of $25,000 for the best-written, most interesting novel written by a man, was not awarded, because none of the 500

manuscripts submitted was considered good enough.

MRS. WILLIAM A. BARTLETT, chairman of the premiums committee for the Poetry Society of Great Britain, and American editor of the London Poetry Review, has announced the prize awards in the Service Poem contest held in memory of the American aviator, Louis Bennett, of West Virginia, as follows: First prize, to Eric B. W. Chappelow, of London, for "Service is Power "; second prize, to Edith M. Walker, of Bournemouth, Eng., for "The Man Who Only Dreams third prize, to Margaret Orminston, of London, for "Service of Humanity "; fourth prize, to Lucene Goodenow Taliaferro, of New York, for "Hands"; and fifth prize, to Theresa Smith Robb, of Webster Groves, Mo., for "Service.' This was the eleventh international poetry contest organized by the American Section of the Poetry Society of Great Britain.

THE AMERICAN SECTION OF THE POETRY REVIEW has announced the winners of the $100 Civilization poem contest, offered by the International Science Forum in honor of Admiral Peary, the founder of the organization, as follows: First prize, to Mary Alathea Woodward, of Portland, Oregon, for "Civilization "; second prize, to Walter K. Lewis, of Ramsgate, Eng., for "Civilization "; third prize, to Henry Mead Bland, for "Life"; fourth prize, to Emma H. King, of Indianapolis, for "Civilization"; and fifth prize to Madame Helena Derezinska, of Strasburg, Alsace, France, for “Civilization."

The prize of $1,000 in the fifth annual economic essay contest conducted by Alvan T. Simonds, president of the Simonds Saw & Steel Company, of Fitchburg, Mass., has been awarded to William B. Turner, of Twin Falls, Idaho.

PRIZE OFFERS STILL OPEN:

Prizes in Letters offered by the Columbia University School of Journalism: For the American novel published during the year which shall best present the wholesome atmosphere of American life and the highest

standard of American manners and manhood, $1,000; for the original American play, performed in New York, which shall best represent the educational value and power of the stage in raising the standard of good morals, good taste, and good manners, $1,000; for the best book of the year on the history of the United States, $2,000; for the best American biography teaching patriotic and unselfish service to the people, illustrated by an eminent example, $1,000; for the best volume of verse published during the year by an American author, $1,000. Also, Prizes in Journalism, amounting to $3,000 and a $500 medal, and three traveling scholarships having a value of $1,500 each. All offered annually under the terms of the will of Joseph Pulitzer. Nominations of candidates must be made in writing on or before February 1 of each year, addressed to the Secretary of Columbia University, New York, on forms that may be obtained on application to the Secretary of the University.

Francis Bacon award of $7,500, to be given annually by Simon and Schuster and the Forum, for the best book of "humanized Knowledge." Details may be obtained from Simon and Schuster, 37 West Fifty-seventh street, New York, or the Forum, 441 Lexington avenue, New York. Particulars in September WRITER.

Prizes of £250 and £150, offered by Methuen & Company, Ltd., for the best original detective stories sent to them before May 19, 1928. Particulars in September WRITER.

Monthly prizes of $1,000, $500, $300, and $200, offered by the True Story Magazine, for true stories, each contest to close on the last day of the month, the final closing date to be August 31 1928. Particulars in September WRITER.

Harmon Foundation award of $500 for the best article appearing in any American periodical during 1927 which constructively influences the social or industrial welfare in the United States, competition closing March 1. Particulars in December WRITER.

Prizes amounting to $65 offered by the Pioneer for the best twelve-line lyric, the best sonnet in Italian form, the best nature poem, the best humorous poem, and the best limericks, contest closing August 31, 1928. Particulars from the Pioneer, Statesville, N. C., or in October WRITER.

Manuscript Poetry Book prize of $500 for a group of poems, not exceeding 700 lines, or a book of verse, by a poet with no book to his credit, to be submitted before May 1. 1928. Manuscripts should be sent to Mrs. Grace Hoffman White, 122 East Seventy-sixth street, New York. Particulars in September WRITER.

Prizes of $25, $20, $15, $15, and $5, offered by the Dreyfuss Art Company, Inc., for the greeting-card verses which at the end of the year following publication prove to be the most popular, as evidenced by the quantity sold. Particulars in June WRITER.

Prizes totalling $20,000 offered by the Columbia Phonograph Company for the completion of Schubert's "Unfinished Symphony," contest to close in July, 1928. Particulars in September WRITER.

Annual prizes awarded by Poetry (232 East Erie street, Chicago, Ill.) in November of each year: Helen Haire Levinson prize of $200, John Reed Memorial prize of $100, and the Young Poet's prize of $100, for poems published in the magazine during the current

year.

Monthly definition contests conducted by the Forum, payment being made at the rate of five dollars each for all printed. Particulars in June WRITER.

Prize of $1,000, offered by the Chamber of Commerce, Hot Springs, Arkansas, for the best scenario for a historical pageant depicting the history of Hot Springs. Particulars in October (1926) WRITER.

MAIN CURRENTS IN THE HISTORY OF AMERICAN JOURNALISM. By Willard Grosvenor Bleyer, Ph.D. 464 pp. Cloth, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. 1927.

This is not a history of journalism, with punctilious mention of every important newspaper ever published in this country, but a book to show the trend of development of newspapers in the United States, and many prominent newspapers and editors such, for instance, as the St. Louis Globe-Democrat and Joe McCullagh, the Louisville Courier-Journal and Henry Watterson, the Atlanta Constitution and Clark Howell, the Chicago Times and Wilbur F. Storey, and the Boston Globe and General Taylor-are mentioned only briefly or not at all. Dr. Bleyer, who is the author of several books on newspaper work that are worthy of attention, begins with a chapter on Early English Journalism starting near the beginning of the seventeenth century-because of the importance of English journalism as influence on American journalism before 1800. Then, in successive chapters, he treats of the development of American newspapers, beginning with the early colonial papers - the first of which was Harris's Publick Occurrances, which was promptly suppressed after one issue had been published in Boston (September 25, 1690), and continuing with The Beginnings of the Political Press (1783-1800) and the progress of the political party press to 1833; Beginnings of the Penny

Papers (1833-1840); James Gordon Bennett and the New York Herald; Horace Greeley and the New York Tribune; Henry J. Raymond and the New York Times; Samuel Bowles and the Springfield Republican; Edwin Lawrence Godkin, the Nation, and the New York Evening Post; Charles A. Dana and the New York Sun; William Rockhill Nelson and the Kansas City Star; Joseph Pulitzer and the New York World; and William Randolph Hearst and the New York Journal. The final chapter, on "The Development of the Present-Day Newspaper, showing the influence on journalism of modern inventions- the telegraph, the telephone, the web perfecting press, the typewriter, color-printing, the half-tone and rotogravure processes and discussing the influence of syndicates, the development of the press associations, the establishment of chain systems of newspapers under one control, the consolidation of newspapers (as exemplified by Frank A. Munsey), the moral improvement of newspaper advertising, the formulation of codes of newspaper ethics, the establishment of schools of journalism, and the innovation of the tabloids, is one of the most interesting chapters of the book.

W. H. H.

BALLYHOO, The Voice of The Press. By Silas Bent. New York: Boni & Liveright. 1927.

Silas Bent, who has had more than twenty years' newspaper experience, as reporter, "rewrite man," staff corre