different nativity groups in the various branches of mining and manufacturing may be found in the table on p. 160, which sets forth by general nativity and industry, the average weekly earnings of 220,390 male employees, eighteen years of age or over, and of 13,682 who were fourteen and under eighteen years of age.

Of the 13,682 male employees who were fourteen and under eighteen years of age, the average weekly earnings were $6.42. Among those of native birth the highest average weekly earnings, amounting to $10.05, are shown by those engaged in the manufacture of window-glass, and the lowest, $4.60, by silkmill operatives. Of the foreign-born industrial workers in this age group, the highest average weekly earnings, $9.17, are exhibited by the iron-ore mine workers, and the lowest, $5.48, by the employees of silk goods manufacturing establishments. The considerably higher average weekly earnings shown by employees of copper mines and smelters and iron-ore mines, as contrasted with the earnings of employees of manufacturing establishments, are probably due to the fact that in mining, under existing methods, it is possible for a youth to do the same kind of work and receive approximately the same remuneration as an adult.

The table on page 161 shows, by general nativity and industry, the average amount of weekly earnings of 57,712 female employees eighteen years of age or over, and of 14,803 fourteen and under eighteen years

of age.

The average weekly earnings for all females eighteen years of age or over are $7.96. Of those of native birth the highest average weekly earnings, $8.54, are exhibited by the employees of clothing

AVERAGE AMOUNT OF WEEKLY EARNINGS OF MALE EMPLOYEES, BY GENERAL NATIVITY AND INDUSTRY*

a Not computed, owing to small number involved. This table shows wages or earnings for the period indicated, but no account is taken of voluntarily lost time or lost time from shut-down or other causes. In the various tables in this report showing annual earnings allowance is made for time lost during the year.

AVERAGE AMOUNT OF WEEKLY EARNINGS OF FEMALE EMPLOYEES, BY GENERAL NATIVITY AND INDUSTRY*

a Not computed, owing to small number involved.

This table shows wages or earnings for the period indicated, but no account is taken of voluntarily lost time or lost time from shut-downs or other causes. In the various tables in this report showing annual earnings

allowance is made for time lost during the year.

manufacturing establishments, and the lowest, $5.66, by the workers in glass tableware factories. Of the total number of women wage-earners of foreign birth, the highest average amount of weekly earnings, $8.57, is shown by silk-mill operatives, and the lowest, $5.14, by those employed in the manufacture of glass table

ware.

The average weekly earnings for all female employees fourteen and under eighteen years of age are only $5.46. Among both the native-born and foreignborn females who were working for wages the highest average weekly earnings are shown by those employed in connection with the manufacture of agricultural implements and vehicles, and the lowest by silk-mill operatives.

Average weekly earnings are not available by general nativity for employees of oil refineries, cigar and tobacco factories, slaughtering and meat-packing establishments, bituminous coal mines, and temporary or railroad and other construction work. The table which appears on p. 163, however, shows for these industries, according to general nativity, the average daily earnings of male employees who were eighteen years of age or over, and of those who were fourteen but under eighteen years of age. In the first age-group are 138,375 wage-earners and in the second 7,363.

Upon comparing the wage-earners eighteen years of age or over according to industries, it is seen that native-born whites of native father have the highest average daily earnings in the oil-refining establishments, followed, in the order named, by those engaged in construction work, bituminous coal mining, slaughtering and meat packing, and cigar and tobacco manufacturing. Of the industrial workers native-born of

AVERAGE AMOUNT OF DAILY EARNINGS OF MALE EMPLOYEES, BY GENERAL NATIVITY AND INDUSTRY* 18 years of age or over.

• Not computed, owing to small number involved.

This table shows wages or earnings for the period indicated, but no account is taken of voluntarily lost time or lost time from shut-downs or other causes. In the various tables in this report showing annual earnings allow. ance is made for time lost during the year.

foreign father, the highest average daily earnings are shown in construction work, followed by oil-refining, bituminous coal mining, slaughtering and meat packing, and cigar and tobacco manufacturing in the order named. In the case of the foreign-born wage-earners, the highest earnings are exhibited by those employed in oil refining, followed in consecutive order by those engaged in the manufacture of cigars and tobacco, bituminous coal mining, slaughtering and meat packing, and construction work. Of those employed in cigar and tobacco factories, the foreign-born show an average daily wage of $2.21, as compared with $1.97 for the native white workers of native father, and