New Patents Sealed, 1829.

To George Henry Manton, of Dover Street, Piccadilly, in the county of Middlesex, gun maker, for his invention of an improvement in the construction of locks for all kinds of fowling pieces and fire arms. 2d. Sept.-2 months.

To John Tucker, of Hammersmith, in the county of Middlesex, brewer, for certain improvements in the construction of cannon. 9th Sept.-6 months.

To Thomas Shaw Brandreth, of Liverpool, barrister at law for a new method or methods of applying animal power to machinery. 9th Sept.-6 months.

To Joseph Ange Fonzi, of Upper Mary-le-bone Street, in the county of Middlesex, Esq. for certain improvements or additions to fire places. 9th Sept.-6 months.

To James Soames, jun. of Wheeler Street, Spital Fields, in the county of Middlesex, soap maker, for a new preparation or manufacture of a certain material produced from a vegetable substance, and the application thereof to the purposes of applying light and other uses. 9th Sept.-6 months.

To Thomas Morgan, of the parish of Tipton, in the county of Stafford, manufacturer of tin plates, for a new method of manufacturing or preparing iron plates or black plates for tinning. 9th Sept.-6 months.

To Robert Torrens, of Croyden, in the county of Surrey, a lieutenant colonel in the royal marines, for certain apparatus for the purpose of communicating power and motion. 9th Sept.-6 months.

To David Lawrence, of Stroud, and John Crundwell of Ashford, gun makers, both in the county of Kent, for certain improvements in apparatus to be applied to fowling pieces and other fire arms, in place of locks, 15th Sept.

6 months.

To George Harris, of Brompton Crescent, in the county of Middlesex, captain in the royal navy, for improvements in the manufacture of ropes and cordage, canvas and other fabrics, or articles from substances hitherto unused for that purpose. 15th Sept.-6 months.

To James Milne, of Edinburgh, architect, for a machine or engine for dressing of stones used in masonry, by the assistance of a steam engine, a wind, a horse, or a water power, whereby a great quantity of manual labour will be saved. 15th Sept.—6 months.

To John Aitchison, of Clyde Buildings, in the city of Glasgow, and county of Lanark, merchant, for certain improvements in the concentrating and evaporating of cane juice, solutions of sugar, and other fluids. 15th Sept. 6 months.

To Thomas Cobb, of Calthorpe House, near Bradbury, in the county of Oxford, Esq. for certain improvements in the manufacture of paper, intended to be applied to the covering of walls or the hanging of rooms, and in the apparatus for effecting the same. 15th Sept.-6 months.

To Thomas Westwood, of Princes Street, Leicester Square, in the county of Middlesex, watch maker, for improvements in watches and time-keepers. 23rd Sept.6 months.

To Isaac Brown, of Gloucester Street, Clerkenwell, in the county of Middlesex, watch maker, for certain improvements applicable to watches and other horological machines. 23rd Sept.-2 months.

To Hayward Tyler, of Warwick Lane, in the city of London, brass-founder, (being one of the people called quakers,) for certain improvements in the construction of water closets. 23rd Sept.-2 months.

THE Select Committee of the House of Commons, on Patents for Inventions, not having published their Report, we are still prevented laying the particulars of their proceedings before our readers, but hope to be enabled to do so in our next number; much important information having been elicited upon this subject, we trust the perusal will be found gratifying、

Patent Office, Chancery Lane.

30th Sept. 1820.

THE

London

JOURNAL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES.

No. XX.

[SECOND SERIES.]

Original Communications.

ART. IV.-ON M. A. BERNHARD'S PATENT FOR
RAISING WATER.

To the Editors of the London Journal of Arts, &c GENTLEMEN,-As we have proved that the discharge by this apparatus of the water raised is not the consequence of its expansion, it only remains to shew that condensation has little to do with the mechanical effects of the machine—at least as a prime mover to an attached train of work. The condensation of a portion of the gases and va pors evolved takes place as observed (page 10,) during their passage through the continually renewed column of water; I reckon little upon the increased condensation by the tube condensers-for the successive portions of the column of water arriving at the condensers are only at 140° Fahr. or less. The rest of the elastic vapors raised, at the

VOL. IV. SECOND SERIES.

same time that they effect the discharge of the water thrown out, are themselves discharged at the exit valve— for the formation and greatest expansive force of those vapors is always in the boiler. Now the principal mechanical force of the elastic vapors raised, has been employed in opening the exit valve against the atmospheric pressure, closing it with a force of 2,000 pounds upon the square foot. It is not therefore by condensation, but by the elastic principle as contra-distinguished to condensation, that mechanical power is to be obtained in this machine,-consequently the condensers, so far as they act, operate generally against the power of the machine, although they partially assist the operation of the air pump in effecting at intervals a renewed vacuum. As to the condensation of the water of the column in transit that (by the table, page 7,) can be only one twentieth part, if reduced from the temperature of 142°.5 to 42°.5 the maximum of density.

Mr. Bernhard does not inform us what is the average temperature of the descending column at the exit valve; but I should conceive it to be but little diminished by its passage through the condensers in a tolerable rapid motion; and if the quantum of motion be diminished, the quantity delivered at the discharging valve is proportionately less. Condensation of the water has therefore little connexion with the mechanical results. Although condensation assists the action of the air pump after its operation in first forming the torricellian columns, it appears to me to be a force acting against the forces which effect the throwing out of the body of water, and as contrary forces destroy each other, in this point of view, the condensers may be dispensed with. may be wrong in several of my conclusions, but the data upon which they are formed are imperfect and the machine itself novel, as far as respects the boiling of a torricellian column of water for the creation of a mechanical power.

I