The Interaction of Contract Law and Tort and Property Law in Europe: A Comparative Studysellier. european law publ., 2004 - 541 lappuses Against the background of the creation of an EU-wide frame of reference for private law relevant to the Common Market, this study, which was requested by the EU Commission, analyses the dovetailing between contract and tort law on the one hand, and between contract and property law on the other. The study examines the legal orders of almost all the Member States of the EU, illustrates the differences between contractual and non-contractual liability and evaluates the different systems of the transfer of property, of movable and immovable securities as well as trust law. The study comes to the conclusion that the intensive considerations on the creation of a model-law in the area of European private law do not allow these thoughts to be limited to contract law. Such a limitation to the scope of the regarding of this area would probably cause more problems than it would solve, or at any rate not do justice to the needs of the Common Market. |
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Saturs
Introduction | 1 |
Reactions | 2 |
The approach of the European Parliament | 3 |
The Economic and Social Committee | 4 |
Principles as applicable law? | 5 |
The Commissions Action Plan | 6 |
Study on product liability | 7 |
Strategy document | 8 |
2 Liability for Bodily Injury and Damage to Property | 239 |
Italy | 240 |
Greece | 241 |
Portugal | 242 |
Sweden | 243 |
United Kingdom | 244 |
Belgium and France | 245 |
85 | 246 |
Working group on mortgage loans II The Problems | 10 |
Absence of a uniform concept of contract law | 11 |
The structure of the interference problem | 12 |
Examples in the relationship of tort law to contract law | 13 |
Peculiarities of tort law | 14 |
Further aspects of the interference problem | 15 |
The passing on of information | 16 |
Economic contexts | 17 |
Examples in the relationship of trust law to contract law | 18 |
2 Differences in External Representation | 26 |
48 | 32 |
57 | 33 |
61 | 39 |
70 | 45 |
Common law countries | 52 |
87 | 58 |
Key argument in favour of liability 258 | 60 |
2 Damages for Economic Loss | 68 |
b Contract | 75 |
b Contract law | 98 |
The package travel directive | 99 |
National implementation | 100 |
Discrimination in employment law | 101 |
National implementation | 102 |
General | 103 |
Belgium and France | 104 |
United Kingdom | 105 |
Germany | 106 |
Sweden | 107 |
Greece | 108 |
Sweden | 109 |
Contract and tort law | 110 |
Breadth of application | 111 |
France and Belgium | 113 |
Astreinte | 114 |
Italy and Austria | 115 |
Greece | 116 |
Germany | 117 |
Scandinavia | 118 |
No universal definition | 119 |
intention versus negligence | 120 |
Belgium France Luxembourg Spain | 121 |
Closure of public markets transportation corridors and public infrastructures | 122 |
Reliance upon flawed data advice or professional services | 123 |
A challenge to traditional views | 124 |
Historical perspective | 125 |
Pragmatic regimes | 126 |
Austria | 127 |
Italy | 128 |
Greece | 129 |
England and Wales | 130 |
The Netherlands | 131 |
Contract and tort | 132 |
Austria | 133 |
Portugal | 134 |
Sweden | 135 |
Interim conclusions | 136 |
The time factor | 137 |
Key areas of negligencebased protection | 138 |
France and Belgium | 139 |
Italy | 140 |
Portugal | 141 |
Spain | 142 |
Austria | 143 |
United Kingdom | 144 |
b Contract law | 148 |
Italy and Germany | 149 |
Greece | 150 |
Sweden | 151 |
8 Reduction or Exclusion of Liability | 152 |
a Tort law | 153 |
The Netherlands | 154 |
Contractual restrictions of tortious liability | 155 |
Italy | 156 |
Portugal | 157 |
United Kingdom | 158 |
b Contract Law | 160 |
PECL | 161 |
Spain | 162 |
Germany | 163 |
Italy and The Netherlands | 164 |
The internal market | 167 |
9 Contributory Negligence or Fault | 168 |
72 | 169 |
Spain | 170 |
The Netherlands | 171 |
b Contract law | 174 |
Austria | 175 |
United Kingdom | 176 |
10 Prescription | 178 |
The Netherlands | 179 |
United Kingdom | 180 |
Criticisms | 181 |
Personal injury actions | 182 |
a Tort law 229 | 183 |
5 Strict Liability | 202 |
55 | 212 |
Misleading information leading to breach of contract 259 | 213 |
Illustrations 260 | 215 |
Change of agent or sole distributor 262 | 216 |
83 | 225 |
France and Belgium | 231 |
Spain | 232 |
Germany | 233 |
Italy | 234 |
Portugal | 235 |
Obstacles to the smooth running of the internal market | 236 |
1 Overview | 237 |
Greece | 238 |
The Netherlands | 248 |
Austria | 249 |
United Kingdom | 250 |
Germany | 251 |
Instructions warnings and toys | 255 |
General | 263 |
89 | 265 |
Damage to property | 267 |
Entitlement to claim damages | 269 |
Limitation mechanisms | 273 |
Damage to an item of the debtor in which the creditor has a direct interest | 274 |
Common Law | 275 |
Employment contracts | 276 |
Material damage to tools or equipment necessary for the injured partys performance to the creditor | 277 |
Introduction | 278 |
Greece | 280 |
Portugal | 283 |
Sweden | 287 |
56 | 289 |
Common Law | 292 |
Equity | 295 |
Standard contract terms | 305 |
Law of obligations | 307 |
Scotland 229 | 308 |
91 | 313 |
the Netherlands | 319 |
92 | 321 |
4 The Qualification of Contractual Rights for Use of an Asset | 323 |
33 | 324 |
The split approach | 334 |
93 | 335 |
Spain | 337 |
Effects between the parties | 340 |
Conclusions and reactions of stakeholders | 347 |
Portugal | 350 |
Effects in relation to third parties | 352 |
Exceptions | 358 |
Arrangement of the chapter | 364 |
4 Private International Law Difficulties | 370 |
Experience from the European Coal and Steel Community | 371 |
Coexistence of trusts and contracts | 372 |
the example of the Quistclose trust | 373 |
The economic function of Quistclose trusts | 374 |
Constructive trust and equitable conversion | 375 |
i between the contracting parties | 376 |
Promises to transfer afteracquired property | 377 |
Equitable interest of the promisee | 378 |
d Assignment trusts of contractual rights and third party rights | 379 |
Third party rights to enforce contracts and trusts of contractual rights | 380 |
e Trusts and contribution to financing property acquisition | 381 |
Relationship to contract rules | 382 |
Loans and contributions | 383 |
Express private trusts and statutory trusts | 384 |
Selfhelp structures in other jurisdictions | 385 |
c Appointment of trustees resident abroad | 386 |
Necessity for a good reason | 388 |
EU legislation | 401 |
Notices | 404 |
Substance | 405 |
5 Conclusion | 406 |
Laccueil de la théorie par le droit positif | 407 |
Le fondement discuté de lopposabilité | 408 |
Plan | 409 |
Opposabilité du transfert | 410 |
Droits réels immobiliers | 411 |
Meubles corporels | 412 |
Sûretés sui generis? | 413 |
Publicité foncière | 414 |
Linefficacité fréquente en France des sûretés mobilières de droit étranger | 415 |
Les arrêts DIAC et Fristol | 416 |
Elément matériel | 417 |
Elément moral | 418 |
Autres aspects de lopposabilité aux tiers en matière de responsabilité délictuelle | 419 |
La portée du principe dans les opération transfrontalières | 420 |
lexemple du droit allemand | 421 |
91 | 422 |
Les fautes délictuelles à légard des tiers commises dans lexécution dun contrat | 423 |
Incidence du principe du noncumul | 424 |
Remedies | 425 |
Autres aspects de lopposabilité et détermination de la nature contractuelle ou délictuelle de laction | 426 |
Les distorsions de concurrence pouvant résulter des divergences de législation | 427 |
Information about Foreign Law | 428 |
Information from Legal and Business Practice 666 General | 431 |
Appendix | 433 |
Summary of responses | 435 |
Qn 1 abstaining from business due to inestimable risks | 436 |
Qn 2 auditing of particular risks of liability | 437 |
Qn 4 incorrect information | 438 |
Qn 6 nonexcludable comparative competitive disadvantages | 439 |
Qn 10 different modes and costs in securing crossborder credit | 440 |
Qn 12 unsuitability of domestic modes of security | 441 |
Summary of responses | 443 |
Ditto | 463 |
Ditto | 465 |
Ditto | 466 |
Property Law and Contract Law | 467 |
Other obstacles to a free flow of commerce in the internal market | 468 |
Harmonization of security laws in steps | 469 |
Annexes Table of Abbreviations | 471 |
Austria 252 | 485 |
Germany | 491 |
92 | 497 |
Spain 252 | 500 |
Sweden | 507 |
510 | |
Table of Cases from English Speaking Jurisdictions | 515 |
Table of Literature | 525 |
532 | |
Citi izdevumi - Skatīt visu
The Interaction of Contract Law and Tort and Property Law in Europe: A ... Christian von Bar,Ulrich Drobnig Ierobežota priekšskatīšana - 2009 |
Bieži izmantoti vārdi un frāzes
ABGB accordance action advertising agreement applies arising Austria BGHZ breach of contract Cass Cass.civ causation caused CC art Civil Code clause common law consumer contract and tort contract law contractual liability contributory negligence Corte di Cassazione Court creditor culpa in contrahendo debtor defective delict/tort délictuelle Directive droit duty duty of care employee English law European example existence fault faute French injured party injury interest jurisdiction law of obligations law of tort legal systems legislation limitation loc.cit Lord mortgage non-contractual liability non-material damage obligation particular person plaintiff pre-contractual principle problem product liability property law prospectus protection purchaser pure economic loss question recognised regimes regulation relation relationship relevant respect responsabilité result rules Scotland Scots law security rights statutory strict liability third party tort law tortious liability trust trust law vicarious liability