completely disarmed, and placed under Allied supervision. (19) All naval aircraft must be concentrated. (20) Associated Powers have access to Baltic Sea. (21) Associated Powers occupy German shore defenses. (22) Blockade of Germany continues. (23) Germany evacuates Black Sea ports. (24) Germany must locate all marine mine-fields. (25) All neutral merchant vessels must be released. (26) All merchant vessels of associated Powers must be restored without reciprocity. (27) No transfer of German merchant shipping. (28) All restrictions on neutral commerce withdrawn by Germany. (29) Armistice runs thirty days, with option to extend. (30) Armistice may be denounced on forty-eight hours' notice. "Eminently satisfactory," the New York Evening Sun calls these terms, and discusses them in their practical application: "They safeguard the interests of the Allies and the United States; they are sternly severe to the culprit nation which has deluged the world in blood; withal, they are humane, since they promise sustenance to the beaten people; they impose no permanent subjection upon them; on the contrary, they open the way for reorganization of the German body politic upon a civilized basis. "Despite their severity, it is impossible to regard the stipulations as crushing or cruel. They are strictly military in character and leave all adjustments of civil questions to the future. They are not deliberately humiliating; their obvious motive is military precaution, and if they deeply mortify the pride of the German people, it is solely because all penalty is destructive of self-respect in that it involves the establishment of guilt. "The disgrace to Germany lies wholly in the offense which has deserved such a visitation of wrath at the hands of God and man. It can not be said that the terms are easy; and still, if we consider the proposals that the Kaiser's Government would have made to the opposed Powers had Germany been victorious, if we consider the programs of insult and spoliation so often exploited by German publicists in books, in speeches, and in the daily press, we are forced to think that Germany is getting off far better than she deserved or than she had any right to expect. The terms are far from being the maximum that might have been imposed had the Allies had any schemes of aggrandizement in their minds. "It must be remembered that this present array of conditions is not a final peace program. It merely covers a suspension of hostilities for the negotiation of a peace. But, in fact, on the one hand, it places the mili of the entire Empire's manufacturing industry, omitting shipbuilding, over seventy per cent. of its mining products, and over ten per cent. of its agriculture. It includes an area of nearly 20,000 square miles, which had before the war a civil population of over 11,000,000. "The importance of the industrial region of the Prussian Province, and even that of the fortifications of Metz and Strassburg, is completely discounted by the iron region of the Bassin de Briey, in Lorraine, which, beginning over the Belgian and Luxemburg frontiers, ascends the Moselle to within a few miles of Pont-à-Mousson. This mining region, with an area of 225 square miles, was cut in two by the treaty of Frankfort, which closed the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71, and was entirely On occupied by the Germans in August-December, 1914. September 13 last the First American Army in wiping out the St. Mihiel salient reached its southern confines. "During the war the Bassin de Briey has provided the German armaments with eighty per cent. of their steel, and without it, according to the most famous Düsseldorf ironmasters, the Empire could not have conducted the war for three months. tary situation so completely in the hands of America and the Allies that they will be able to dictate any terms to Germany that they elect; on the other hand, it adumbrates with tolerable clearness the lengths to which these terms will be pushed. Restitution, restoration, emancipation, safety for the future are the four heads in the Ally program. These, it is clear, will be insisted upon to the full degree, but there the hostile purpose ends. There is no project of subjugation or dismemberment." The New York Times gives this summary of what Germany will lose with the land that she is now in process of evacuating: "The territory lying on the western or left bank of the Rhine within the German Empire to be evacuated by the German troops represents in productivity about twenty-five per cent. "When the war began France was obtaining yearly from the Bassin de Briey 15,000,000 tons of iron out of her total productivity of 22,000,000. Of Germany's total of 28,000,000 tons 21,000,000 came from the Bassin de Briey. Since the war began Germany has mined the French area together with the Luxemburg area (6,000,000 tons annually), giving her a total of 42,000,000 tons, to be added to only 7,000,000 tons, which she has obtained outside the Bassin. "Aside from the mineral products of the now recovered provinces, which include annually 3,795,932 tons of coal, also gypsum and limestone, the cotton manufacture of the region had become the most important in Germany; also the yield of wheat, rye, barley, potatoes, oats, and hay (respectively 300,000, 93,000, 109,000, 1,266,000, 210,000, and 1,138,000 metric tons a year) was great. The vineyards in 1917, with a culti vation of 62,122 acres, yielded 2,672,318 gallons of wine." -Fitzpatrick in the St. Louis Post-Dispatch. them "to a strict accountability for the way in which they use their power," and "should they develop obstructive tactics while the President is attempting to carry out a policy in the interest of the country and the world, the party will be made to suffer for it in the next election." The same thought is exprest in other quarters, and Mr. William Allen White, of the Emporia Gazette (Ind.) says bluntly that if the Republican party does not take advantage of its chance to redeem itself now that its two wings are united, the Democratic party will "come into power for a generation as the liberal party of this nation." Such is the prediction of this progressive editor, who says that this hour of triumph is the time "not for rejoicing, but for prayer." Meanwhile, some editors of Democratic conviction discount the power of the Republican majority in the coming Congress and emphasize the fact that both houses as at present constituted have four months in which to make good in the afterwar reconstruction. The whole matter is of less importance now than it seemed the day before election, remarks the Baltimore Sun (Ind. Dem.), when it appeared that a Republican Congress might dangerously interfere with the President's peace program. Now the Allies have accepted the program as their own, no faction or party can prevent the ratification of a peace treaty which represents the combined judgment of the governments associated against Germany. Nevertheless, this Baltimore daily reminds us that two years hence there will be another election, which will turn solely on national issues and in which local influences will exercise comparatively little control, and we hear it echo the counsel uttered by Republican leaders themselves that if the Republican party "permits itself to play simply the rôle of an obstructionist, of an envious backbiter, carper, and nagger, it will commit political suicide." In line with this is the thought of other pro-Administration journals, including the New Orleans Times- Picayune (Ind. Dem.), which says that the record of the Republicans in the next Congress will be passed upon two years hence, not only by the voters of the recent election, but "by hundreds of thousands of the patriotic Americans now overseas, whose votes, testimony, and influence in all probability will determine the result of the greater political struggle in 1920." Associated Press dispatches from Washington inform us that the Republican majority in the next Congress will consist of at least two in the Senate and not less than forty-five in the House. On the face of the completed unofficial returns the political line-up of the next House is given as follows: Republicans, 239; Democrats, 194; Independent, 1; Socialist, 1. The New York Times notes a popular generalization about the election that the West swung to Republicanism and the East to Democracy. This is open to question, The Times thinks, because the East certainly did not swing to Democracy. True, in Massachusetts, Senator Weeks (Rep.) was defeated by Senator-elect Walsh, a Democrat, but, we are reminded, New Hampshire returned to the Republican ranks and, "what is much more disconcerting to Democrats, Rhode Island, which had been believed to be good Democratic ground, this year went solidly Republican." The probable defeat of the Republican Governor Whitman in New York was a personal defeat according to this daily, which points out that New Jersey stayed Republican in spite of President Wilson's personal appeal and the bitter fight waged against Senator Baird by the suffragists. Delaware reversed herself in favor of Republicanism, turning out such a good Senator as Saulsbury, and The Times adds: "The prominence of Massachusetts and the landslide Republican majority in Kansas may be responsible for the generalization. But the great Republican State of Michigan was in doubt over the Senatorship. Illinois went Republican, but not by the predicted landslide. Idaho elected one Republican and one Democratic Senator. Montana, which elected Miss Rankin as a Republican Representative two years ago, reelected a Democratic Senator, Walsh. Ohio reelected her Democratic governor over her Republican ex-governor. Kansas was the only landslide State. "No sectional generalizations are possible." The Times remarks further that the Republican majority in the Senate is not a working majority, for there are at least two Republicans, La Follette and Gronna, who "would rather work found it at first expedient to cater to the pro-German vote have become noisily militant. While the next Senate will be Republican, the President, so far as he shall ask for legislation for military purposes or for purposes of reconstruction, should find the next Senate easier to deal with than the last one." While some Republican organs consider the Democratic setback at the election a rebuke to the President for his appeal for votes to the country, there are dailies, such as the Cincinnati Commercial-Tribune (Rep.), that say it would be a mistake to describe the result of the election as a rebuke to President Wilson's administration. On the contrary, it was merely a rebuke "to the small and narrow partizanship which is utterly unworthy of a President so big." The one outstanding conclusion to be drawn from the election, says the Pittsburg ChronicleTelegraph (Rep.), is that the people have greater confidence in Republican legislators and Republican principles for meeting the problems of the closing days of the war and the coming of peace. In the view of this journal the defeat of certain distinguished Democratic Senators, such as Lewis, of Illinois; Saulsbury, of Delaware; Owen, of Oklahoma; Shafroth, of Colorado, and Thompson, of Kansas, is even more significant than the numerical result. As a summing up of the duty that lies before the Republican party, the Chicago Tribune (Ind. Rep.) represents a different standpoint: "We are entering upon a most crucial trial not only of the country but of the party. A Bourbon control means the destruction of Republicanism. The real party leaders can not afford to permit it and the party press should insist upon reform. "Besides the abolition of the seniority rule, there should be an abolition of useless committees. Perhaps twenty per cent. of present committees in the House are useless. "Finally, there should be a consolidation of appropriating committees and the establishment of the budget system." Among the high lights of the election results noted are the defeat of Joseph Folk in Missouri, who, as the Nashville Tennessean (Ind. Dem.) puts it, "went down with prohibition, the object of the concentrated attack of the Republican machine," and the fact that Champ Clark "pulls through by the skin of his teeth." San Francisco dispatches relate that altho the women that sought seats in Congress from far - Western constituencies failed without exception, many other women candidates for lesser honors won success in their campaigns for State, county, and municipal offices. In the eleven far-Western States where woman suffrage prevails, we are told, sixteen women were elected to the legislatures. Furthermore, the Syracuse PostStandard points out that Michigan has elected to admit women to equal rights with men in the franchise and South Dakota has done likewise. And this journal believes the Congressional elections "give assurance that the suffrage amendment will pass the next Congress." The Springfield Republican holds that "the notion that the South is peculiarly hostile to woman suffrage on account of the negro is severely discredited by the result of the referendum in Louisiana, where the woman-suffrage amendment has been defeated by fewer than two thousand votes." Prohibitionists also are jubilant over the results of the election, for, as various editors remark, the country is getting drier all the time. The "greatest beat" of prohibition was scored at the recent election, say some observers, when Ohio, the fourth State in the Union in population, went dry. The new States on the prohibition list make the total thirty-two, we are reminded by the Providence Journal, which adds: "They are Maine, New Hampshire, Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, Ohio, Indiana, Iowa, Arkansas, Texas, Michigan, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Colorado, New Mexico, Montana, Wyoming, Idaho, Utah, Arizona, Nevada, Washington, and Oregon. In other words, only sixteen of the forty-eight States of the Union have failed to outlaw the saloon. At the beginning of the war there were only nine States on the 'dry' roll. The change in four years is little short of marvelous. "These figures, however, do not fully represent the present situation. Most of the non-prohibition States have, under local option laws, banished the liquor business from large areas. Thus Minnesota, which declined to adopt State-wide prohibition, is, nevertheless, in a geographical sense, almost wholly dry, while in Connecticut more than one hundred of the one hundred and sixty-eight cities and towns are under a no-license régime." VIENNA: PLEASE PASS THE ROLLS! -Fitzpatrick in the St. Louis Post-Dispatch. and pestilence of unprecedented proportions are possibilities," declares the conservative Montreal Star in an editorial which is quoted with approval by the Boston Transcript, and fairly expresses the main current of American opinion. A special cable to the New York Times bears confirmation in the news that "the flow of refugees from Russia continues," and that "Petrograd is actually starving at present. Bread costs about $8 a pound." From Germany Foreign Secretary Solf cables Secretary Lansing: "As there is a pressing danger of famine, the German Government is particularly anxious for the peace negotiations to begin immediately." Even France, no doubt because she chose that available shipping should bring American soldiers and arms rather than food, is suffering acutely. According to a member of the Federal Food Administration, the time has come for "dispelling the popular impression here that food is plentiful in France. All through the country districts not included in the battle-zone, practically the only food which any one can afford is bread." Another danger, hardly less deadly than famine and the train of epidemics that follow chronic hunger, has been recognized by President Wilson as attendant upon the present foodshortage. In the address with which he accompanied his announcement of the terms which Germany has signed, he definitely took a stand in favor of provisioning the country, explaining that "By the use of the idle tonnage of the Central Empires it ought presently to be possible to lift the fear of utter misery from their opprest populations and set their minds and energies free for the great and hazardous tasks of political reconstruction which now face them on every hand. Hunger does not breed reform; it breeds madness and all the ugly distempers that make an ordered life impossible. "For with the fall of the ancient governments which rested like an incubus on the peoples of the Central Empires has come political change not merely, but revolution." Putting this danger into a nutshell, The Wall Street Journal asks whether Central Europe shall have "bread or Bolshevism"? This strong exponent of a firm social order is of the opinion that "we must recognize the fact that hunger breeds anarchy, and that the most effective weapon against Bolshevism is a loaf of bread." Victory has made the Allied peoples, "through their governments, responsible for world conditions," in the opinion of this paper as well as of the Montreal Star quoted above, and Food Administrator Hoover declares that "the specter of famine abroad now haunts the abundance of our tables at home." The "We still have 220,000,000 Allies dependent on us for a large measure of their food," the Portland Oregonian points out, "and our own forces across the water now number close to 2,500,000 men." "Germany and her allies of yesterday count perhaps 125,000,000 more," adds the New York Evening Sun. Besides, says the Anaconda Standard, "there are famine conditions in Servia, Albania, Macedonia, Roumania, Poland, Armenia, Syria, and Arabia." But "before we can feed our foes, we must feed the victims of our foes," this Western editor declares. Houston Post, reasoning along the same line, points out Germany's responsibility for the present serious situation in which she finds herself along with the nations whose territory she has deliberately devastated. The farm-lands of Belgium and northern France, says The Post, "have been rendered sterile and practically uninhabitable by the Hun, who has shown a malicious delight in destroying vines and fruit-trees in addition to the damage done to the soil. They have carried off the stock and destroyed farming implements." The London Daily Chronicle comments that "Germany, which never showed mercy, now has to implore it." It adds that the Allies no doubt will take such steps as humanity dictates, so far as they can consistently do so and feed their own populations. "But that is no trivial proviso," The Daily Chronicle concludes, "and the food-cargoes that Ger many has criminally sent to the bottom of the sea can not be fished up even to feed Germany." Premier Clemenceau has announced France's readiness to come to Germany's aid "in this first hour," but it is generally conceded that the brunt of saving the world, associated, neutral, and conquered, from actual starvation, especially for the next few months, must fall on America. The one bright spot on the horizon is the fact, pointed out by the Cincinnati Enquirer, the New York Times, and several other papers, that "the clearance of the Mediterranean of submarines has opened the way for large imports of wheat from India and Australia through the shorter haul made possible in drawing upon the reserves in those countries." Says The Times: "Mr. Hoover expects that enough wheat will be brought from those countries to permit reduction of the percentage of substitutes now required in bread, and thus release fodder grain for dairy use. The change, it is said, may take place within three months. But it will not reduce the total of foodstuffs which we must supply. He predicts that 'our load will be increased,' and that there will be a greater demand for economy. "The available quantities of grain are sufficient. From our great crop of wheat we can spare more than 300,000,000 bushels. Canada, with a yield almost equal to last year's, has a surplus. While our crop of corn shows a decline of 441,000,000 bushels from that of a year ago, it is very near to recent averages and of very good quality. The output of home gardens, increased by one-half, is not included in official reports, altho its value exceeds $500,000,000. Australia has on hand the surplus of three wheat crops, India is said to have 120,000,000 bushels for shipment, and much can be taken from Argentina. As a rule, our war-partners in Europe increased their crops this year. England gains 30,000,000 bushels of wheat, Italy 24,000,000, and France 35,000,000. But other crops in France are short, and the nutritive value of the entire yield is less than that of last year's harvest. It is well known that the Central Powers have very little food; and no help can come to them from the East. Before the war Russia exported a large surplus of wheat. Many of her people are now starving. So far as can be learned, she has no grain to sell. Bulgaria and Roumania have the smallest crops in fifty years. Germany and Austria can get no grain from the northern neutrals; we are sending wheat to them. There is food enough to supply the wants of our European friends and foes until the next harvest if it can be carefully distributed. But if the plans for helping those who have fought against us, as well as our partners in the war, are carried out, the American people must practise economy and submit to restrictions for some time to come." TOPICS IN BRIEF FOCH will sharpen the fourteen points.-Toledo Blade. THE watch on the Rhine has its hands up.-Brooklyn Eagle. HOLLAND couldn't escape the horrors of war. Wilhelm is now there.Brooklyn Eagle. It is no longer a question of licking the Hun, but of keeping him licked. -Washington Herald. IF Uncle Sam decides to finish up that Mexican job, he has the tools all handy.-Newark News. As usual, it turned out that God was on the side that had the heaviest artillery.-Des Moines Register. WE dare Black Jack Pershing to come home and take what is coming to him like a man.-New York Sun. THE German seamen never mutinied against orders to kill women and children.-Philadelphia Public Ledger. AMERICA, too, it seems, is to have a coalition administration. But the people had to arrange it themselves.-Cincinnati Commercial Tribune. GEN. JOHN J. PERSHING, who has been touring France with a large party, expects to visit the home of his ancestors in Alsace soon.-New York Sun. WE suppose things will not get to running good in the Balkans before the pros will be forming a big movement to take the Jug out of Jugo-Slavia. -Houston Post. GENERAL WOOD says an armistice does not necessarily mean the end of the war. Unless it does we do not see much chance of his getting to Europe. New York Evening Sun. "WHAT Security has the United States for the billions of dollars loaned to Great Britain?" asks an anonymous muttonhead of St. Louis. The security of as sublime a courage, as invincible a spirit, as unwavering a faith, and as knightly an example of self-sacrifice as the annals of the human race disclose. Next.-Houston Post. It's over, over there.-Brooklyn Eagle. BOLSHEVISM is merely czarism in overalls.-Dexter (Mo.) Statesman. GERMANY'S greatest work of art is that final "bust" of the Kaiser.Brooklyn Eagle. Now for the slacker chorus: "How I wish I'd had a chance at those Huns!"-Newark News. SAFE to say that President Wilson will never wake another sleeping elephant.-Boston Herald. THE first German commercial traveler should take out a heavy accident policy.-Pittsburg Sun. A LOT of people will pick up their 1913-14 thoughts right where they laid them down.-New York Evening Sun. ALL the Teutonic Powers are surrendering except Milwaukee, which has elected Victor Berger to Congress.-Chicago Daily News. MUCH as we welcome peace, we shall always wonder just how much longer it would have taken the Yanks to reach Berlin.-Detroit Free Press. WHEN we know what the party leaders in Germany have to say about each other, then we will be able to judge whether or not it is a republic.— St. Louis Star. It is easy to see that there are to be two organizations of our ex-soldiers of the Great War after a while-those who got over and those who did not.— Columbus Dispatch. PRUSSIA may regard the fact that Taft and Roosevelt are calling each other by their first names as a hopeful evidence of forgiveness in the American temperament.-Washington Star. IT is said King Victor Emmanuel wears a uniform made of the same material as Italy's enlisted men. That would indicate that Vic is looking forward to a possible race for the presidency of Italy on the democratic ticket.-Houston Post. T AMERICAN AND BRITISH NAVIES IN THE WAR HE TRADITION OF SILENCE, that proud reticence which has always marked the British Navy, has its drawbacks in war-time. It has led to a good deal of misunderstanding on the part of the people both of Britain and her Allies, and there have been constant appeals in the British press that the naval authorities lift the pall of silence so that we may see what the great fleets are doing. Admiral Sims, the commander of our fleet which is now cooperating with the British Fleet off the coast of Ireland, has joined in the protest, and at a luncheon given in London urged the British Admiralty to let us all know what is being done. London papers have taken up this speech, and that outspoken censor of British manners and methods, the editor of the London Truth, remarks: "It is a pity that the truth about the astonishing efforts made by Great Britain in the war has not been published in America yet.' So said Admiral Sims, of the United States Navy, in London a few days ago. Coming so soon after Sir Conan Doyle's recent insistence on the overwhelming share of English troops in the operations of the first four years of the war-an insistence suggested by his observations on the Western Front -these generous words are not without significance. Seventyfive per cent. of the British casualties have been suffered by troops from these islands-men who stemmed the first tide of the invasion of France and Belgium and saved the Channel ports. Admiral Sims points out that ninety-seven per cent. of the antisubmarine craft that are at work day and night are English, that British ships have brought over two-thirds of the American troops, and that our Navy has escorted one-half of them. The Navy may be silent, but it has in effect won the war-it is 'the foundation-stone of the cause of the whole of the Allies.' Our persistent hiding of our light under a bushel has caused more or less of misunderstanding in every Allied country at one time or another, and, without any departure from becoming modesty, it is right that the facts should be known." Another influential London paper, The British Weekly, comments on the policy of the British Admiralty somewhat acridly, and after discussing the Admiral's figures with regard to transport and submarines, it proceeds: "He mentioned that when, in April, 1917, America came into the war the Central Powers were winning with great rapidity. He paid an eloquent tribute to the British Navy. If a catastrophe should happen to the British Grand Fleet, there is no power on earth that can save us, for then the German High Seas Fleet can come out and sweep the seas. The British Grand Fleet is the foundation-stone of the cause of the whole of the Allies.' "We must all echo Admiral Sims's regret that the official policy of silence has been so rigorously and so stupidly pursued. We met recently a distinguished man who has just returned from America after fulfilling the duties of a very important mission. He assured us that he was disappointed everywhere by the contempt with which the Americans regarded the British effort during the war. Men who should have known much better were fully of opinion that the British had left the main part of the fighting to be carried on by France. They had no conception of the work of the British Navy. Their view of the situation was that America had come to the aid of Britain in an hour when the mother country was nearly over the precipice. We do not know how to apportion the blame for the most mischievous silence which has only now been broken through. Perhaps American newspapers or the American press censor here may be charged with some of it. Perhaps our own editors may have been somewhat lacking. But no doubt it is officialism, which blunders everywhere, darkens counsel, and makes misunderstandings not merely possible, but certain." These protests appear to have roused the press section of the British Admiralty from its wonted somnolence, and it has issued an official summary of what the British Navy has done during the war. It runs: "In comparing the effort of Britain with that of her Allies, there is a tendency in certain quarters to discount the British contribution by pointing to the fact that these islands have hitherto enjoyed immunity from invasion. It is probable that those who hold such a view have failed to take into account the |