CHAPTER V.

GENERAL PROGRESS AND ASSIMILATION.

Citizenship-Ability to speak English-[Text Tables 96 and 97 and General Tables 67 to 69].

CITIZENSHIP.

The extent to which the foreign-born employees in Pennsylvania have acquired or manifested an interest in attaining citizenship is set forth in the following table, which shows their present political condition:

TABLE 96.-Present political condition of foreign-born male employees who have been in the United States 5 years or over and who were 21 years of age or over at time of coming, by race.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States.]

The table next presented shows, by sex and race, the percentage of foreign-born employees of non-English-speaking races who were able to speak English.

TABLE 97.-Per cent of foreign-born employees who speak English, by sex and race.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[This table includes only non-English-speaking races with 80 or more persons reporting. The total, how. ever, is for all non-English-speaking races.]

Of 443 foreign-born persons reporting 83.5 per cent speak English; of the males 89.5 per cent are able to speak English and 82.3 per cent of the females have this ability. Germans show a considerably higher percentage of the females than of males who can speak English, while of the Poles exactly the reverse is true. A higher percentage of Germans, both male and female, can speak English than of the Poles.

PART III.-SILK DYEING.

CHAPTER I.

INTRODUCTION.

Explanation of study-Employees for whom information was secured-[Text Table 98 and General Table 70].

EXPLANATION OF STUDY.

The statistical basis of Part III of the present report consists of the data secured for employees of silk-dyeing establishments in Paterson, N. J., this branch of the silk industry being studied only in that city.

EMPLOYEES FOR WHOM INFORMATION WAS SECURED.

The extent of the information secured may be seen from the following table which shows the number and per cent of male employees of each race for whom information was secured:

TABLE 98.-Male employees for whom information was secured, by general nativity and

CHAPTER II.

RACIAL DISPLACEMENTS.

History of immigration-Period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees Racial classification of employees at the present time-[Text Tables 99 to 101 and General Table 71].

HISTORY OF IMMIGRATION.

The racial movements to the silk goods manufacturing and dyeing establishments in Paterson, N. J., the chief center of the industry in the United States, have already been set forth in detail in another section, to which reference may be made. "

PERIOD OF RESIDENCE IN THE UNITED STATES OF FOREIGN-BORN

EMPLOYEES.

The character of recent and past immigration to the silk-dyeing establishments in Paterson, N. J., is exhibited by the series of tables next presented, which show the period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees. The first table submitted shows, according to race, the per cent of foreign-born male employees in the silk-dyeing establishments who had been in this country under one year, one year, two years, etc.:

TABLE 99.—Per cent of foreign-born male employees in the United States under 1 year, 1 year, 2 years, etc., by race.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States. No deduction is made for time spent abroad. This table includes only races with 40 or more males reporting. The total, however, is for all foreign-born.]

Of the foreign-born male employees for whom information was secured, 0.6 per cent have been in the United States under one year, 1.2 per cent have been here from one to two years, 4.7 per cent have

a See p. 17.