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THE CLOTHING MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY.

253

IMMIGRANTS IN INDUSTRIES.

CLOTHING MANUFACTURING.

This report, which was prepared under the direction of the Commission by W. Jett Lauck, superintendent of agents, forms part of the general report of the Immigration Commission on immigrants in industries.

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Members of households for whom detailed information was secured.

260

Employees for whom information was secured...

262

The preparation of the report.......

269

CHAPTER II-Racial displacements:

History of immigration.....

271

Period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees and members of their households...

272

Racial classification of employees at the present time.

278

CHAPTER III.-Economic status:

Industrial condition abroad of members of immigrant households studied..
Principal occupation of immigrant employees before coming to the United
States....

General occupation of males at the present time, in the households studied.
General occupation of women at the present time, in the households studied.
The first and second generations compared....

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286

288

289

290

Weekly earnings..

291

Relation between period of residence and earning ability.
Annual earnings of male heads of families studied..

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304

Annual earnings of males 18 years of age or over in the households studied..
Annual earnings of females 18 years of age or over in the households studied.
Annual family income...

306

307

307

Wives at work..

309

Relation between earnings of husbands and the practice of wives of keeping boarders or lodgers.......

309

Sources of family income...

Relative importance of the different sources of family income..

CHAPTER IV.-Working conditions:

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313

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Age classification of employees and members of their households.

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PART II-CLOTHING MANUFACTURING IN NEW YORK CITY.

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History of immigration..

369

Period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees.
Racial classification of employees at the present time..

370

372

CHAPTER III.-Economic status:

Principal occupation of immigrant employees before coming to the United
States..

375

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PART III-CLOTHING MANUFACTURING IN BALTIMORE, MD.

CHAPTER I.-Introduction:

Page.

Employees for whom information was secured.....

405

CHAPTER II.-Racial displacements:

History of immigration....

407

Period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees.

408

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CHAPTER III.-Economic status:

Principal occupation of immigrant employees before coming to the United
States...

413

CHAPTER IV.-Working conditions:

Occupations entered and progress of immigrants in the clothing industry..
Weekly earnings.

413

414

Hours of work.....

417

Effect of the industrial depression of 1907 and 1908.

417

Effect of employment of immigrants upon establishment of new industries.
Employers' opinions of recent immigrants.

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