CEMENT PRODUCTION, IMPORTS, EXPORTS, AND CONSUMPTION IN THE UNITED STATES.-IN BARRELS OF 300 POUNDS.

The growth of the consumption of cement given by periods of ten years is as follows:

A SERIES OF DOME KILNS IN USE AT A PENNSYLVANIA CEMENT WORKS.

Generally, therefore,it may be safely said that the cement industry is growing rapidly, but most especially is this the case with the manufacture of Portland cement, the production of which this year is expected to largely exceed all previous years.

Growth of the Industry in Pennsylvania.-As stated in the historical portion of this article, the first successful works in the United States were those of Mr. David O. Saylor, at Coplay, Lehigh county, Pa., and this plant, together with the works of the Wampun Cement Company, in Lawrence county, were the first producers in the State of Pennsylvania. It was practically these two works that furnished the 85,000 barrels of Portland cement mentioned in the census of 1882, and during the early years of the industry, when, after the Wampun works ceased to be a large producer, it was the Saylor works that was the largest contributor to the census returns until about the year 1885.

The centre of the industry in this country for years has been in the territory lying practically between Phillipsburg, N. J., and Cementon and Siegfried's Bridge, in Lehigh and Northampton counties, Pa. This field embraces nearly all the largest producing works in the United States, and within it are gathered nearly threequarters of the total producing capacity in the country. As far back as 1890, when there were sixteen works in the country, the works located in Lehigh county and one works located near Phillipsburg, N. J., produced practically 60 per cent. of all the Portland cement made in this country. This percentage of production has been constant. Almost ever since 1890 the same five works produced 61 per cent. of the total output. In 1897, they produced 74.8 per cent. of the total output. In 1898, the, what is known as the Lehigh district embraced eight works and produced 72.4 per cent. of the 3,692,284 barrels produced in the United States. In 1899, the eleven works embraced in the district above mentioned, produced 72.7 per cent. of the total output, and in 1900 their production was 72.6 per cent. of the total output, the number of works having grown to fifteen. The figures for the year 1901 show that out of 12,711,225 barrels, the output for the Lehigh district was 8,595,340, or over twothirds of the total output, the number of works having increased but slightly.

What is known as the Lehigh district embraces the following works: In New Jersey: The Edison, Alpha and Vulcanite. In Pennsylvania: The Northampton, Phoenix, Dexter, Nazareth, Atlas, Lawrence, Reading, Bonneville, Whitehall, Hercules, Coplay, Le. high, Martin's Creek and American Cement Companies. Most of these companies have more than one works. In addition to these works, outside of this district, but still in the State of Pennsylvania,

is the Clinton Cement Works, near Pittsburg, Pa., where slag cement is made, and the National Cement Company at Wampun, Pa., where Portland cement is made from limestone and clay. Many of the larger works in the Lehigh district have more than a single plantthe Vulcanite Portland Cement Company have two large mills, the Alpha Portland Cement Works have two mills, the Atlas Portland Cement Works have two mills, the Coplay Cement Works have three mills, the Lehigh Portland Cement Works have three mills and the American Cement Company has six mills, all of them in full operation and producing more largely than ever.

The figures for Pensylvania's production, as set forth on the closing pages of this report, together with what has been above written, form a clear exposition of the history, method of manufacture, scientific control, development and growth of one of the newest and most vigorous of American industries, which had its beginning in our Commonwealth and which, after a period of nearly thirty years, still has within her borders practically 55 per cent. of the total production in this great country.

-Contributed by Robert W. Lesley.