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muster or parade than the April muster of each year, and that for roll call and inspection alone.' In case of threatened or actual invasion, insurrection, or war, the governor is authorized to accept the voluntary services of any company, regiment, &c., and to substitute them for such militia as would have been required under the existing laws. All commissioned officers are to be supplied with a copy of the system of tactics, furnished to the state by the United States.

Ch. 9 and 41.-Mills. Two steam saw-mill companies were incorporated; the capital stock of one, to be not less than $3,000, nor more than $20,000; that of the other to be $1200, with the liberty to increase it to a sum not exceeding $10,000.

Ch. 13.-Colleges, &c. A college in Marion county, by the name of Marion College, was incorporated, with power to confer the usual degrees.

Ch. 69.-The same power is granted to St. Mary's Seminary. Several acts were passed regulating the sale of school and seminary lands, and the disposition of the money received therefrom.

Ch. 36.-Hospital. This is an act providing for the establishment of a public hospital in St. Louis, for the gratuitous reception and accommodation of sick and needy travellers, boatmen, raftmen, sailors, &c. who have no families residing in that city. All fines imposed by the city government of St. Louis, for the violation of the ordinances restraining or suppressing gambling houses, bawdy houses, &c. are to be appropriated to the support of the hospital.

Ch. 47.-Insurance Company. An insurance company is established at St. Louis, with a capital stock of $100,000, which may be increased to $400,000.

Ch. 53.—Marine Railway Company. This act establishes a marine railway company at St. Louis, for the repair of steamboats, &c. with a capital stock of $20,000, and with the liberty to increase it to $50,000.

Divorces.-Several divorce acts were passed. A divorce in one case was granted, because it appeared from the petitions of both of the parties, that they wished to be separated and that they could not live happily together, and 'because the happiness of the people should be the ultimate end and object of all governments.'

Ch 94.-Religious Corporations. A resolution was passed by the concurrence of two thirds of each house, which declares that an article in the State Constitution, forbidding the establishment of religious corporations, shall not be construed to prevent religious societies from holding not more than ten acres of ground for the purposes of burying grounds and churches.

Several memorials were addressed to Congress by the legislature. Two of these relate to the continuation of the Cumberland road to the seat of government of Missouri, and the improvement of the navigation of the Mississippi and Missouri rivers, and request appropriations for these purposes. A third memorial urges upon the attention of the general government the claims of portions of the militia, for services during the late Indian disturbances. A fourth relates to the claimants of lands under grants of the French and Spanish governments, and prays that they may be adjusted without further delay. A fifth prays, that further means of defence against the Indians on the frontiers may be afforded by the general government. A sixth, prays for an enlargement of the territory of the state, by the extension of their northern boundary line westwardly to the Missouri, and eastwardly, in a straight line, from the rapids of the river Des Moines, to the Mississippi.

NORTH CAROLINA.

At the session of the legislature of North Carolina, commenced on November 15, 1830, one hundred and fifty-nine acts and fortyseven resolutions were passed.

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Ch. 4.-Slaves and Free Persons of Color. All marriages between free negroes or persons of color, and white persons, are declared to be void. If any free negro, &c., after the passage this act, marry or cohabit as man and wife with a slave, such negro, &c. is subject to be fined and imprisoned or whipped, at the discretion of the court; the whipping not to exceed thirty-nine lashes.

Ch. 5.-If any person shall be engaged in circulating within the state any pamphlet or paper tending to excite insurrections, &c. among the slaves or free negroes, he shall, for the first offence, be imprisoned not less than one year, and be put in the pillory and whipped, at the discretion of the court; for the second offence, he shall suffer death, without benefit of clergy. If any person shall attempt by words to excite a spirit of insurrection among the slaves or free negroes, he is to be whipped and imprisoned for the first offence, and to suffer death for the second offence.

Ch. 6. Any free person who shall 'teach or attempt to teach any slave to read or write, the use of figures excepted, or give or sell to such slave any books or pamphlets,' if a white, shall be fined, not less than $100 nor more than $200, or be imprisoned; if a free person of color, he shall be fined, imprisoned, or whipped; if a slave attempt to teach any other slave to read or write, the

use of figures excepted,' he is to be carried before any justice of the peace, and, on conviction thereof, to receive thirty-nine lashes.

Ch. 7.-If any free person of color peddle any goods, &c. out of the county in which he resides, without a license from the county court, he is liable to a fine, and imprisonment not exceeding the term of six months.

Ch. 8.-If any person entice a slave to absent himself from the service of his owner, or harbor any runaway slave, he is subject to a penalty of $100.

Ch. 9.-Persons desirous of emancipating their slaves, are required, after having given due notice, to file a petition in the superior court, praying for permission so to do; which is to be granted, provided that the petitioner enter into a bond with securities in the sum of $1000 for each slave, conditioned that the slaves shall correctly demean themselves while remaining in the state, and that they will, within ninety days, leave the state and never return. Any slave over the age of fifty years may be emancipated, upon proof that he has performed meritorious services, (which 'must consist in more than a mere general performance of duty,') provided that the petitioner shall swear that he has not received, in money or otherwise, the value of such slave, and shall give bond in the sum of $500 conditioned that the slave shall correctly demean himself while in the state and shall not become a parish charge. If any slave neglect to leave the state within ninety days after permission to emancipate him has been granted, or shall ever return into the state after having left it, he shall, on conviction, be sold, and the sale shall vest an absolute right of property to the slave, in the purchaser.

Ch. 10.-Slaves convicted of gaming are to be whipped not exceeding thirty-nine lashes.' Free persons convicted of gaming with slaves, or allowing slaves to game in their houses, &c., are, if white, to be fined or imprisoned; if colored, to be whipped. The patrol is authorized to apprehend any slave so gaming, and 'inflict upon such slave a whipping not to exceed fifteen lashes;' and this is not to prevent such slave from receiving the punishment prescribed in the former part of the act.

Ch. 14.—If any free person of color residing in this state shall emigrate therefrom to another state, and be absent for ninety days, it shall not be lawful for such person to return, unless he or she shall have been detained by sickness or other unavoidable occur

rence.

Ch. 30.—All vessels arriving from another state or country, and having on board any free negro, &c., not an inhabitant of

this state, shall be subject to quarantine for thirty days. If the commander of any such vessel refuse to moor her at the quarantine ground, he shall forfeit $500, to be recovered by any person suing for the same, and shall be liable to indictment, and, on conviction, to a fine and imprisonment. If any free negro, &c. on board such vessel shall go on shore before the expiration of the thirty days, or shall have any communication with any negro, &c. residing in this state, while on board the vessel so riding in quarantine, the former shall be apprehended and imprisoned until the vessel shall be ready to proceed to sea; the latter shall be liable to be whipped not exceeding thirty-nine lashes;' the commander of the vessel, in either case, shall forfeit $500. The commander is required, when he sails, to carry away the negro so imprisoned, and to pay the expenses of his detention; if he neglects so to do, he is liable to a fine of $500, and the negro is required to depart from the state within ten days. In case of shipwreck, or other unavoidable accident, the provisions of the act are not required to be complied with, till after the expiration of a month; nor is the act to extend to free American Indians, or to national ships of war, or free negroes, &c., on board thereof.

Ch. 16.-Patrol. This is an act for the regulation of the patrols, prescribing their duties, &c. They are required to visit the negro houses, to punish such slaves as may be off their owners' plantations without a permit, to suppress all collections of slaves, to apprehend all runaway negroes, to detect thefts, &c.

Ch. 28.-Militia. Every person subject to militia duty, but, whọ from scruples of conscience, shall refuse personal military service, shall be exempt therefrom, except in time of insurrection or invasion, on paying annually $2,50. All sums of money received under this act, shall form a part of the Literary Fund.

Ch. 24.—University of North Carolina. The president and directors of the Literary Fund are required to lend to the trustees of this university, the sum of $25,000, for the term of five years, on condition, that the trustees agree, under their corporate seal, that the Legislature may, at any subsequent session, modify the charter of the institution, so as to assume to the state the management of the institution, and the possession and disposition of all its property.'

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Ch. 40.-Bank Notes. No person, after July 4th, 1832, shall circulate or receive in payment any bank notes under the denomination of five dollars, issued by the banks of other states, under penalty of forfeiting the amount of such notes, and the costs of the suit for the recovery of the penalty.

Ch. 44.-Statutes. The repeal of a statute shall not affect any suit brought before the repeal, for any forfeitures incurred, or for the recovery of any rights accruing, under the statute.

Ch. 46.-Gold Mines. Lessors of property for mining purposes, shall not be liable as partners of the lessees, although such lessors may receive a sum uncertain of the proceeds or net profits, or any other consideration, which, though uncertain at first, may afterwards become certain.'

Ch. 41.-Public Buildings. If any person wilfully burn the state-house, or any of the public offices of the state, or any courthouse, &c. he shall suffer death; if any person attempt to burn such buildings, he shall receive thirty-nine lashes, stand in the pillory one hour at least, and be fined and imprisoned at the discretion of the court before whom he may be convicted.

Ch. 31.-Commissioners. The governor is authorized to appoint commissioners, in such of the states or territories of the Union as he may deem expedient, to take depositions and acknowledgments of deeds for the conveyance of land lying in this state, or of any other writings under seal, &c., to be used in this state. The commissioners are to continue in office during the pleasure of the governor, and to take an oath before a justice of the peace for the faithful performance of their duties.

Ch. 33.-Debtors. This act provides, that one bible, testament, hymn book, prayer book, and all necessary school books shall be exempted from all executions against the owner, and that they shall also be excepted in the oath of insolvency.

Ch. 36. The land of a deceased person shall be liable to the payment of his debts for the term of two years after probate of the will, or granting letters of administration. This act is not to 'affect the right of any person to whom any land shall be devised in trust or otherwise, or to whom power to sell land shall be given by any last will and testament, for the purpose of paying the debts of the devisor or testator, to sell or dispose of the same in order to carry into effect the intention of such devisor or testator.'

Ch. 38.-Mortgages. If a mortgagor of personal property shall 'fail to perform the conditions of the mortgage, for the space of two years from the time of performance specified in the mortgage, and shall omit to file a bill in equity, claiming his equitable right to redeem such personal property, for the space of two years after the forfeiture of the conditions of the mortgage,' he shall be forever barred of all claim in equity to the property; the mortgagee may file his bill to foreclose at any time after the forfeiture of the conditions of the mortgage; if the mortgagor become lunatic, &c.,

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