There are ten different kinds of money in circulation in the United States, namely, gold coin, standard silver dollars, subsidiary silver, gold certificates, silver certificates, treasury notes issued under the act of July 14, 1890; United States notes (also called greenbacks and legal tenders), national bank notes and nickel and bronze coins. These forms of money are all available as circulation.

Gold coin is legal tender at its nominal or face value for all debts, public and private, when not below the standard weight and limit of tolerance prescribed by law; and when below such standard of tolerance it is legal tender in proportion to its weight.

Standard silver dollars are legal tender at their nominal or face value in payment of all debts, public and private, without regard to the amount, except where otherwise expressly stipulated in the

contract.

Subsidiary silver is legal tender for amounts not exceeding $10 in any one payment. Treasury notes of the act of July 14, 1890, are legal tender for all debts, public and private, except where otherwise expressly stipulated in the contract.

United States notes are legal tender for all debts, public and private, except duties on imports and interest on the public debt.

Gold certificates, silver certificates and national bank notes are not legal tender, but such classes of certificates are receivable for all public dues, while national bank notes are receivable for all public dues except duties on imports, and may be paid out by the government for all salaries and other debts and demands owing by the United States to individuals, corporations and associations within the United States, except interest on the public debt and in redemption of the national currency. All national banks are required by law to receive the notes of other national banks at par.

The minor coins of nickel and copper are legal tender to the extent of 25 cents.

The coinage of the legal tender gold was authorized by the first coinage act, passed by congress April 2, 1792. The gold unit of value is the dollar, which contains 25.8 grains of standard gold, 900 fine. The amount of fine gold in the dollar is 23.22 grains, and the remainder of the weight is an alloy of copper.

The silver unit is the dollar, which contains 4122 grains of standard silver 900 fine. The amount of fine silver in the dollar is 3714 grains, and there are 414 grains of copper alloy.

21 33

1,461 772

530

515

1,363

1,318]

3,952

3,421 2,465

1,195

1,201

Dickey

158

98

7,412

43188

257

627

1,167

752

54

39

3,906

701

1,572

927

74

58

4,743

4,400

4,452

7,926

5,861

446

400

26,494

368

1,026)

965

1,868

1,175

96

90

5,993

1,035

3,005

2,534

2,125

1,423|

121

103)

7,715

749

703

936

730

461

30

4,116

Total

169,245 140,511

740

10672
672 75,012 50,890 30,806 31,026 74,192 68,894 132, 103 86,196 2,896|

065,957

437,070

BIOGRAPHICAL.

Congressional and State Officers, North

Members of Legislature, 1907-8.

Congressional.

Dakota, and

H. C. HANSBROUGH, United States senator, was born in Illinois,

fifty-nine years ago. He was a printer and journalist as a young

man and came to Dakota in 1882. He established the Devils Lake Inter Ocean in 1883 and was twice mayor of Devils Lake. He was the first member of congress for North Dakota in 1889, and was elected to the United States senate in January, 1891, having served in the senate continuously since that time. He is married. He was elected to the senate as a republican.

PORTER J. McCUMBER, United States senator, was born in Crere, Ill., February 3, 1856. He was educated in the common and high schools of Minnesota and graduated from the law department of the University of Michigan. He came to North Dakota and opened a law office at Wahpeton, where he resides. He is married and has two children. He was a member of the territorial house and senate, states attorney of Richland county, and was elected to the senate in 1899 as a republican, being re-elected in 1905.

T. F. MARSHALL, member of congress, was born at Hannibal, Mo., March 7, 1854, and was educated in the public schools and the state normal school at Platteville, Wis. He was a civil engineer and surveyor and came to Dakota in 1873. He is married. He is engaged in banking, and has held various offices, having been mayor of Oakes, state senator, delegate to the national convention, and has served three terms in congress to which he was elected as a republican.

A. J. GRONNA, member of congress, was born at Elkader, Iowa, December 10, 1858. He was educated in the public schools and in Caledonia, Minn., academy. He came to Dakota in 1879 and located in Traill county in 1880, removing to Nelson county in 1887, being engaged in the mercantile business at Lakota. He is married and has five children. He has served as member of the territorial legislature, has held various local offices, has been chairman of the Nelson county central committee and is serving his second term as a member of congress to which he was elected as a republican.

Supreme Court.

D. E. MORGAN, chief justice, was born near Pomeroy, Meigs county, Ohio, and was educated in the common schools of Wisconsin and at the Academy of Wisconsin and the normal school at Platteville. He was clerk of the circuit court in Sauk county, Wis., studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1880. He practiced at Grand Forks and Devils Lake and was elected judge of the district court in 1889, after serving two years as district attorney. In 1900 he was elected to the supreme bench and was re-elected in 1906.

CHARLES J. FISK, associate justice, was born in Whiteside county, Ill., March 11, 1862. He was educated in the public schools and at the Northern Illinois college at Fulton, and studied law at Morrison, Ill. He came to North Dakota in 1886, and settled at Larimore, where he was admitted to the bar in 1886. He moved to Grand Forks in 1889. He is married and has two children. He has served three terms on the district bench and was elected to the supreme bench as a democrat.

He

B. F. SPALDING, associate justice, was born in Orleans county, Vermont, December 3, 1853. He was educated in the public schools. and attended Lyndon Literary Institute and Norwich University. He read law at Montpelier and was admitted to the bar in 1880. came to North Dakota in that year and practiced law at Fargo. He is married and has five children. He has been superintendent of public instruction of the state, member of the territorial capitol commission, member of the constitutional convention, member of congress for two terms and chairman of the republican state committee. He was appointed justice of the supreme court to succeed Edward Engerud, resigned.

State Officers 1907-1908.

JOHN BURKE, governor of North Dakota, was born February 25, 1859, in Keokuk county, Iowa, near where the town of Harper was subsequently located. He was educated in the common schools and entered the law department of the Iowa_state, university in September, 1884, graduating in June, 1886. He came to Rolette county, North Dakota in 1888, and later removed to Devils Lake, where he now has his residence, and is engaged in the practice of law. He is married and has three children, two girls and one boy. He has served as county judge of Rolette county, one term in the house of representatives and three in the senate. elected governor as a democrat.

He was

R. S. LEWIS, lieutenant governor of North Dakota, was born August 15, 1856, in Tennessee. He was educated in Minnesota, to which state his parents removed, and came to Fargo in 1882, and was engaged as a clerk in the Red River National bank. He rose to the presidency of that institution and became also interested in farming. He is married and has three children. He has served as an officer of the Fargo school board, trustee of the state agricultural college, and a term in the state senate. He was elected to his office as a republican.

ALFRED BLAISDELL, secretary of state, was born at Fairmont, Minn., in 1875, and is a graduate of the Fairmont high school and of the state university of Minnesota, graduating in science and law. He came to North Dakota and studied law in the office of Newman and Stambaugh, of Fargo, and removed to Minot in 1900, where he is engaged in law and real estate. He is unmarried. He has been secretary of the republican central committee of Ward county, United States commissioner and was elected to the office of secretary of state as a republican.

H. L. HOLMES, state auditor, was born in Dalton, Wis., May 29, 1853. He was educated in the public schools and came to Pembina county, North Dakota, in 1879. He engaged in the machinery and mercantile business and in banking and in 1893 removed to Bathgate, where he resides. He is married and has one daughter. He was a member of the state constitutional convention and has held various offices and is serving his third term as state auditor, to which he was elected as a republican.

ALBERT PETERSON, state treasurer, was born at Rockdale, Wis., in 1862. He was educated at Boscobel, Wis., and came to Dakota in 1883, locating at Ellendale and afterward at Cogswell, where he